记住，如果根据定义有一个内部连接，则不需要所有列，因为连接列中的数据是重复的。

It's not like listing columns in SQl server is hard or even time-consuming. You just drag them over from the object browser (you can get all in one go by dragging from the word columns). To put a permanent performance hit on your system (becasue this can reduce the use of indexes and becasue sending unneeded data over the network is costly) and make it more likely that you will have unexpected problems as the database changes (sometimes columns get added that you do not want the user to see for instance) just to save less than a minute of development time is short-sighted and unprofessional.

明确地定义列，因为SQL Server将不需要对列进行查找来拉出它们。如果定义了列，则SQL可以跳过该步骤。

同时也要记住变化。今天，Select *只选择您需要的列，但明天它可能还会选择我刚刚添加的varbinary(MAX)列，而您现在还可以检索所有3.18 gb的二进制数据，这些数据昨天不在表中。

上面所有人说的，加上:

如果你正在努力编写可读性强、可维护的代码，可以这样做:

SELECT foo, bar FROM widgets;

立即可读并显示意图。如果你打了那个电话，你知道你会得到什么。如果widget只有foo和bar列，那么选择*意味着您仍然需要考虑返回什么，确认顺序映射正确等等。然而，如果widget有更多的列，但您只对foo和bar感兴趣，那么当您查询通配符，然后只使用返回的部分内容时，您的代码就会变得混乱。

指定你需要的列总是更好的，如果你想一次，SQL不必每次查询都想着“wtf是*”。最重要的是，稍后有人可能会向表中添加您在查询中实际上不需要的列，在这种情况下，通过指定所有列会更好。

在某些情况下，SELECT *适用于维护目的，但一般情况下应该避免使用。

These are special cases like views or stored procedures where you want changes in underlying tables to propagate without needing to go and change every view and stored proc which uses the table. Even then, this can cause problems itself, like in the case where you have two views which are joined. One underlying table changes and now the view is ambiguous because both tables have a column with the same name. (Note this can happen any time you don't qualify all your columns with table prefixes). Even with prefixes, if you have a construct like:

选择A.， B. -您可能会遇到客户端现在难以选择正确字段的问题。

一般来说，我不使用SELECT *，除非我在做一个有意识的设计决策，并指望相关的风险很低。