维基百科说:

In the Microsoft .NET framework, an assembly is a partially compiled code library for use in deployment, versioning and security. There are two types: process assemblies (EXE) and library assemblies (DLL). A process assembly represents a process which will use classes defined in library assemblies. .NET assemblies contain code in CIL, which is usually generated from a CLI language, and then compiled into machine language at runtime by the CLR just-in-time compiler. An assembly can consist of one or more files. Code files are called modules. An assembly can contain more than one code module and since it is possible to use different languages to create code modules it is technically possible to use several different languages to create an assembly. Visual Studio however does not support using different languages in one assembly.

如果你真的浏览过，澄清你不理解的地方会有帮助

维基百科说:

In the Microsoft .NET framework, an assembly is a partially compiled code library for use in deployment, versioning and security. There are two types: process assemblies (EXE) and library assemblies (DLL). A process assembly represents a process which will use classes defined in library assemblies. .NET assemblies contain code in CIL, which is usually generated from a CLI language, and then compiled into machine language at runtime by the CLR just-in-time compiler. An assembly can consist of one or more files. Code files are called modules. An assembly can contain more than one code module and since it is possible to use different languages to create code modules it is technically possible to use several different languages to create an assembly. Visual Studio however does not support using different languages in one assembly.

如果你真的浏览过，澄清你不理解的地方会有帮助

汇编是. net框架编程的基本部分。 它包含CLR在可移植可执行文件中执行MSIL(Microsoft中间语言)代码的代码，如果它没有关联的程序集清单，将不会执行。

在.Net中，程序集可以是:

各种可管理部件的集合，其中包含类型(或 类)，资源(位图/图像/字符串/文件)，命名空间， 私有或公开编译的配置文件;部署到 本地或共享(GAC)文件夹;可被他人发现 项目/程序集和;可以进行版本控制。

MSDN给出了一个很好的解释:

Assemblies are the building blocks of .NET Framework applications; they form the fundamental unit of deployment, version control, reuse, activation scoping, and security permissions. An assembly is a collection of types and resources that are built to work together and form a logical unit of functionality. An assembly provides the common language runtime with the information it needs to be aware of type implementations. To the runtime, a type does not exist outside the context of an assembly.

Visual Studio解决方案由一个或多个项目组成。例如:控制台项目可以生成程序集。程序集在逻辑上是可以交付给客户的代码块，在物理上是。exe(可执行程序)或。dll(可被其他程序重用)。