我试图理解ng-if和ng-show/ng-hide之间的区别,但对我来说它们看起来是一样的。
在选择使用一种或另一种时,我应该记住有什么区别吗?
我试图理解ng-if和ng-show/ng-hide之间的区别,但对我来说它们看起来是一样的。
在选择使用一种或另一种时,我应该记住有什么区别吗?
当前回答
ng-if指令从页面中删除内容,ng-show/ng-hide使用CSS的display属性隐藏内容。
如果您想使用:first-child和:last-child伪选择器来设置样式,这是非常有用的。
其他回答
也许有趣的一点是,两者的优先级不同。
据我所知,ng-if指令是所有Angular指令中优先级最高(如果不是最高的话)的指令之一。这意味着:它将在所有其他低优先级的指令之前运行。事实上,它首先运行,意味着有效地,在任何内部指令被处理之前,元素被删除。至少,我是这么认为的。
I observerd and used this in the UI I'm building for my current customer. The entire UI is quite heavily packed, and it had ng-show and ng-hide all over it. Not to go into too much detail, but I built a generic component, which could be managed using JSON config, so I had to do some switching inside the template. There is an ng-repeat present, and inside the ng-repeat, a table is shown, which has a lot of ng-shows, ng-hides and even ng-switches present. They wanted to show at least 50 repeats in the list, which would result in more or less 1500-2000 directives to be resolved. I checked the code, and the Java backend + custom JS on the front would take about 150ms to process the data, and then Angular would chew some 2-3 seconds on it, before displaying. The customer did not complain, but I was appalled :-)
In my search, I stumbled across the ng-if directive. Now, maybe it's best to point out that at the point of conceiving this UI, there was no ng-if available. Because the ng-show and ng-hide had functions in them, which returned booleans, I could easily replace them all with ng-if. By doing so, all inner directives seemed to be no longer evaluated. That meant that I dropped back to about a third of all directives being evaluated, and thus, the UI speeded up to about 500ms - 1 sec loading time. (I have no way to determine exact seconds)
注意:指令没有被评估的事实,是对下面发生的事情的一个有根据的猜测。
所以,在我看来:如果你需要元素出现在页面上(即:检查元素,或其他),但只是被隐藏,请使用ng-show/ng-hide。在所有其他情况下,使用ng-if。
关于ng-if和ng-show需要注意的一件重要的事情是,当使用表单控件时,最好使用ng-if,因为它完全从dom中删除了元素。
这个区别很重要,因为如果你创建了一个required="true"的输入字段,然后设置ng-show="false"来隐藏它,当用户试图提交表单时,Chrome会抛出以下错误:
An invalid form control with name='' is not focusable.
原因是输入字段是存在的,它是必需的,但由于它是隐藏的Chrome不能关注它。这可能会破坏您的代码,因为此错误会停止脚本执行。所以要小心!
ng-if和ng-show的一个有趣的区别是:
安全
如果ng-if块中的DOM元素值为false,则不会被呈现
在ng-show的情况下,用户可以打开检查元素窗口并将其值设置为TRUE。
随着一声巨响,原本要隐藏的全部内容都显示出来了,这是一个安全漏洞。:)
ng-if指令从页面中删除内容,ng-show/ng-hide使用CSS的display属性隐藏内容。
如果您想使用:first-child和:last-child伪选择器来设置样式,这是非常有用的。
@EdSpencer是正确的。如果您有很多元素,并且使用ng-if只实例化相关的元素,则可以节省资源。 @CodeHater也有点正确,如果你要经常删除和显示一个元素,隐藏它而不是删除它可以提高性能。
我发现ng-if的主要用例是,如果内容是非法的,它允许我清晰地验证和消除元素。例如,我可以引用一个空图像名称变量,这将抛出一个错误,但如果我ng-if并检查它是否为空,这一切都很好。如果我执行ng-show,错误仍然会触发。