委托和事件之间的区别是什么?两者不都持有可以执行的函数的引用吗?
当前回答
除了语法和操作属性之外,还有语义上的差异。
从概念上讲,委托是函数模板;也就是说,它们表达了一个函数必须遵守的契约,以便被认为是委托的“类型”。
事件代表……嗯,事件。它们的目的是在发生事情时提醒某人,是的,它们遵循委托定义,但它们不是同一件事。
即使它们是完全相同的东西(在语法上和IL代码中),仍然会存在语义差异。一般来说,我更喜欢对两个不同的概念使用两个不同的名称,即使它们以相同的方式实现(这并不意味着我喜欢使用两次相同的代码)。
其他回答
Event声明在委托实例上添加了一层抽象和保护。此保护可防止委托的客户端重置委托及其调用列表,并且仅允许从调用列表中添加或删除目标。
除了语法和操作属性之外,还有语义上的差异。
从概念上讲,委托是函数模板;也就是说,它们表达了一个函数必须遵守的契约,以便被认为是委托的“类型”。
事件代表……嗯,事件。它们的目的是在发生事情时提醒某人,是的,它们遵循委托定义,但它们不是同一件事。
即使它们是完全相同的东西(在语法上和IL代码中),仍然会存在语义差异。一般来说,我更喜欢对两个不同的概念使用两个不同的名称,即使它们以相同的方式实现(这并不意味着我喜欢使用两次相同的代码)。
您还可以在接口声明中使用事件,但委托则不是这样。
这是另一个很好的参考链接。 http://csharpindepth.com/Articles/Chapter2/Events.aspx
简单地说,本文的要点是——事件是对委托的封装。
引用自文章:
Suppose events didn't exist as a concept in C#/.NET. How would another class subscribe to an event? Three options: A public delegate variable A delegate variable backed by a property A delegate variable with AddXXXHandler and RemoveXXXHandler methods Option 1 is clearly horrible, for all the normal reasons we abhor public variables. Option 2 is slightly better, but allows subscribers to effectively override each other - it would be all too easy to write someInstance.MyEvent = eventHandler; which would replace any existing event handlers rather than adding a new one. In addition, you still need to write the properties. Option 3 is basically what events give you, but with a guaranteed convention (generated by the compiler and backed by extra flags in the IL) and a "free" implementation if you're happy with the semantics that field-like events give you. Subscribing to and unsubscribing from events is encapsulated without allowing arbitrary access to the list of event handlers, and languages can make things simpler by providing syntax for both declaration and subscription.
活动和代表之间的误解太大了!!委托指定TYPE(例如类或接口),而事件只是一种成员(例如字段、属性等)。并且,就像任何其他类型的成员一样,事件也有类型。然而,在事件的情况下,事件的类型必须由委托指定。例如,不能声明由接口定义的类型的事件。
最后,我们可以做以下观察:事件的类型必须由委托定义。这是事件和委托之间的主要关系,在第二节中描述。18定义ECMA-335 (CLI)分区I到VI的事件:
在典型用法中,TypeSpec(如果存在)标识一个签名与传递给事件的fire方法的参数匹配的委托。
However, this fact does NOT imply that an event uses a backing delegate field. In truth, an event may use a backing field of any different data structure type of your choice. If you implement an event explicitly in C#, you are free to choose the way you store the event handlers (note that event handlers are instances of the type of the event, which in turn is mandatorily a delegate type---from the previous Observation). But, you can store those event handlers (which are delegate instances) in a data structure such as a List or a Dictionary or any other else, or even in a backing delegate field. But don’t forget that it is NOT mandatory that you use a delegate field.