我想执行一个函数时,一些div或输入被添加到html。 这可能吗?

例如,添加了一个文本输入,然后应该调用函数。


当前回答

在2022年发现了这个问题的解决方案。

我们已经看到了不同的解决方案,主要涉及MutationObserver。

如果有人想记录DOM更改并存储它们以便一段时间后重播,他们可以使用rrweb

编辑:

再举个例子,下面是一些提示:

rrweb您可以通过CDN或npm使用

让我们以CDN为例来记录DOM更改事件:

步骤1:只需在<HTML><head>标签中包含以下脚本标签

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/rrweb@2.0.0-alpha.2/dist/rrweb-all.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> .js

步骤2:并在代码中添加以下代码以捕获rrweb生成的事件。

<script>
var events = [];
rrweb.record({
    emit(event) {
       events.push(event);
       // you can store this event anywhere and you can replay them later. ex: some JSON file, or DB
    }
});

</script>

这个例子主要用于记录任何web应用程序的事件。

如需详细了解(如何录制/回放),请参阅rrweb文档。

重播的例子:

这是为了调试,但添加在这里,以便任何人都可以检查重放的一面:

重复的例子

其他回答

2015年更新,新的MutationObserver被现代浏览器支持:

找到了,Chrome 18+,火狐14+

如果您需要支持较老的方法,您可以尝试使用其他方法,例如下面这个5年(!)年前的答案中提到的方法。那里有龙。享受:)


其他人正在更改文档?因为如果你可以完全控制这些变化,你只需要创建你自己的domChanged API——用一个函数或自定义事件——并在你修改东西的地方触发/调用它。

DOM Level-2有突变事件类型,但是旧版本的IE不支持它。请注意,突变事件在DOM3事件规范中已弃用,并且具有性能损失。

你可以尝试在IE中使用onpropertychange来模拟突变事件(如果它们都不可用,则退回到蛮力方法)。

对于一个完整的domChange,间隔可能是一个过度杀死。假设您需要存储整个文档的当前状态,并检查每个元素的每个属性是否相同。

也许如果您只对元素及其顺序感兴趣(如您在问题中提到的),getElementsByTagName("*")可以工作。如果您添加一个元素,删除一个元素,替换元素或更改文档的结构,这将自动触发。

我写了一个概念证明:

(function (window) {
    var last = +new Date();
    var delay = 100; // default delay

    // Manage event queue
    var stack = [];

    function callback() {
        var now = +new Date();
        if (now - last > delay) {
            for (var i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
                stack[i]();
            }
            last = now;
        }
    }

    // Public interface
    var onDomChange = function (fn, newdelay) {
        if (newdelay) delay = newdelay;
        stack.push(fn);
    };

    // Naive approach for compatibility
    function naive() {

        var last = document.getElementsByTagName('*');
        var lastlen = last.length;
        var timer = setTimeout(function check() {

            // get current state of the document
            var current = document.getElementsByTagName('*');
            var len = current.length;

            // if the length is different
            // it's fairly obvious
            if (len != lastlen) {
                // just make sure the loop finishes early
                last = [];
            }

            // go check every element in order
            for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                if (current[i] !== last[i]) {
                    callback();
                    last = current;
                    lastlen = len;
                    break;
                }
            }

            // over, and over, and over again
            setTimeout(check, delay);

        }, delay);
    }

    //
    //  Check for mutation events support
    //

    var support = {};

    var el = document.documentElement;
    var remain = 3;

    // callback for the tests
    function decide() {
        if (support.DOMNodeInserted) {
            window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function () {
                if (support.DOMSubtreeModified) { // for FF 3+, Chrome
                    el.addEventListener('DOMSubtreeModified', callback, false);
                } else { // for FF 2, Safari, Opera 9.6+
                    el.addEventListener('DOMNodeInserted', callback, false);
                    el.addEventListener('DOMNodeRemoved', callback, false);
                }
            }, false);
        } else if (document.onpropertychange) { // for IE 5.5+
            document.onpropertychange = callback;
        } else { // fallback
            naive();
        }
    }

    // checks a particular event
    function test(event) {
        el.addEventListener(event, function fn() {
            support[event] = true;
            el.removeEventListener(event, fn, false);
            if (--remain === 0) decide();
        }, false);
    }

    // attach test events
    if (window.addEventListener) {
        test('DOMSubtreeModified');
        test('DOMNodeInserted');
        test('DOMNodeRemoved');
    } else {
        decide();
    }

    // do the dummy test
    var dummy = document.createElement("div");
    el.appendChild(dummy);
    el.removeChild(dummy);

    // expose
    window.onDomChange = onDomChange;
})(window);

用法:

onDomChange(function(){ 
    alert("The Times They Are a-Changin'");
});

这适用于IE 5.5+, FF 2+, Chrome, Safari 3+和Opera 9.6+

到目前为止,使用最小代码的终极方法:

(IE11+, FF, Webkit)

使用MutationObserver并退回到已弃用的 突变事件(如果需要的话): (下面的示例仅用于涉及追加或删除节点的DOM更改)

var observeDOM = (function(){ var MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver; return function( obj, callback ){ if( !obj || obj.nodeType !== 1 ) return; if( MutationObserver ){ // define a new observer var mutationObserver = new MutationObserver(callback) // have the observer observe for changes in children mutationObserver.observe( obj, { childList:true, subtree:true }) return mutationObserver } // browser support fallback else if( window.addEventListener ){ obj.addEventListener('DOMNodeInserted', callback, false) obj.addEventListener('DOMNodeRemoved', callback, false) } } })() //------------< DEMO BELOW >---------------- // add item var itemHTML = "<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>", listElm = document.querySelector('ol'); document.querySelector('body > button').onclick = function(e){ listElm.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", itemHTML); } // delete item listElm.onclick = function(e){ if( e.target.nodeName == "BUTTON" ) e.target.parentNode.parentNode.removeChild(e.target.parentNode); } // Observe a specific DOM element: observeDOM( listElm, function(m){ var addedNodes = [], removedNodes = []; m.forEach(record => record.addedNodes.length & addedNodes.push(...record.addedNodes)) m.forEach(record => record.removedNodes.length & removedNodes.push(...record.removedNodes)) console.clear(); console.log('Added:', addedNodes, 'Removed:', removedNodes); }); // Insert 3 DOM nodes at once after 3 seconds setTimeout(function(){ listElm.removeChild(listElm.lastElementChild); listElm.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", Array(4).join(itemHTML)); }, 3000); <button>Add Item</button> <ol> <li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li> <li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li> <li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li> <li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li> <li><em>&hellip;More will be added after 3 seconds&hellip;</em></li> </ol>

MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver;

var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations, observer) {
    // fired when a mutation occurs
    console.log(mutations, observer);
    // ...
});

// define what element should be observed by the observer
// and what types of mutations trigger the callback
observer.observe(document, {
  subtree: true,
  attributes: true
  //...
});

完整解释:https://stackoverflow.com/a/11546242/6569224

下面的例子改编自Mozilla Hacks的博客文章,并使用MutationObserver。

// Select the node that will be observed for mutations
var targetNode = document.getElementById('some-id');

// Options for the observer (which mutations to observe)
var config = { attributes: true, childList: true };

// Callback function to execute when mutations are observed
var callback = function(mutationsList) {
    for(var mutation of mutationsList) {
        if (mutation.type == 'childList') {
            console.log('A child node has been added or removed.');
        }
        else if (mutation.type == 'attributes') {
            console.log('The ' + mutation.attributeName + ' attribute was modified.');
        }
    }
};

// Create an observer instance linked to the callback function
var observer = new MutationObserver(callback);

// Start observing the target node for configured mutations
observer.observe(targetNode, config);

// Later, you can stop observing
observer.disconnect();

浏览器支持:Chrome 18+, Firefox 14+, IE 11+, Safari 6+

使用TrackChanges来检测html更改。 链接:https://www.npmjs.com/package/track-changes-js

例子

 let button = document.querySelector('.button');

 trackChanges.addObserver('buttonObserver', () => button);
 
 trackChanges.addHandler('buttonObserver', buttonHandler);

 function buttonHandler(button) {
   console.log(`Button created: ${button}`);
 }