我通过跑步来解决

sudo killall apache2

sudo fuser -k 443/tcp

最后

sudo service nginx start

我发现了以前从未有过的问题。

我只需要删除/etc/nginx/sites-available/default。然后就成功了。

此删除将只删除符号链接，作为备份，您可以在默认文件中找到 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled /违约

我的conf在/etc/nginx/default

我也得到了同样的错误。

nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed(98:地址已被使用)

当我在浏览器中输入localhost时，我得到

它的工作原理!

这是此服务器的默认web页面。

web服务器软件正在运行，但还没有添加内容。 而不是nginx的欢迎页面，apache2运行在相同的端口上，

找到apache2 ports.conf文件 sudo /etc/apache2/ports.conf 将端口更改为80以外的端口，我将其更改为70 保存文件 重新启动系统

它也适用于你，如果你在浏览器中输入localhost，你会得到nginx欢迎页面

对我来说，问题是我在用Supervisor和Systemd运行一个应用程序。在应用程序与Supervisor运行时，我有一个配置文件来处理Nginx。我停止了这个过程，重新启动了监督者。

现在Nginx由Systemd推出，我不再有这个问题了。

我也遇到过类似的问题。日志如下所示

2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
2018/10/31 12:54:20 [emerg] 128005#128005: still could not bind()
2018/10/31 12:54:23 [alert] 127997#127997: unlink() "/run/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)
2018/10/31 22:40:48 [info] 36948#36948: Using 32768KiB of shared memory for push module in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:68
2018/10/31 22:50:40 [emerg] 37638#37638: duplicate listen options for [::]:80 in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:18
2018/10/31 22:51:33 [info] 37787#37787: Using 32768KiB of shared memory for push module in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:68

最后一个[emerg]显示了[::]:80的重复监听选项，这意味着有多个nginx块文件包含[::]:80。

我的解决方案是删除[::]:80设置之一

附注:你可能有默认块文件。我的建议是将该文件作为端口80的默认服务器。并从其他块文件中删除[::]:80

我在letsencrypt (certbot)和nginx中遇到了同样的问题，

裁判:https://github.com/certbot/certbot/issues/5486

此错误还没有解决方案

因此，a更改了一个cron为renew(在renew后重新加载)(使用certbot的建议)

-- in /etc/cron.d/certbot
from
0 */12 * * * root test -x /usr/bin/certbot -a \! -d /run/systemd/system && perl -e 'sleep int(rand(3600))' && certbot -q renew 
to
0 */12 * * * root test -x /usr/bin/certbot -a \! -d /run/systemd/system && perl -e 'sleep int(rand(3600))' && certbot -q renew --pre-hook "service nginx stop" --post-hook "service nginx start"

日志(短):

-- in /var/log/syslog
Jun 10 00:14:25 localhost systemd[1]: Starting Certbot...
Jun 10 00:14:38 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [error] open() "/run/nginx.pid$
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: Hook command "nginx" returned error c$
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: Error output from nginx:
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 $
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 f$
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 $
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 f$
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 $
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 f$
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 $
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 f$
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 $
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 f$
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost certbot[22222]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
Jun 10 00:14:41 localhost systemd[1]: Started Certbot.


-- in /var/log/nginx/error.log
2018/06/10 00:14:27 [notice] 22233#22233: signal process started
2018/06/10 00:14:31 [notice] 22237#22237: signal process started
2018/06/10 00:14:33 [notice] 22240#22240: signal process started
2018/06/10 00:14:34 [notice] 22245#22245: signal process started
2018/06/10 00:14:38 [notice] 22255#22255: signal process started
2018/06/10 00:14:38 [error] 22255#22255: open() "/run/nginx.pid" failed (2: No $
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Addr$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Addre$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Addr$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Addre$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Addr$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Addre$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Addr$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Addre$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:443 failed (98: Addr$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Addre$
2018/06/10 00:14:39 [emerg] 22261#22261: still could not bind()