考虑使用jaraco.text中的FoldedCase:

>>> from jaraco.text import FoldedCase
>>> FoldedCase('Hello World') in ['hello world']
True

如果你想要一个不考虑大小写的字典，使用来自jaraco.collections的FoldedCaseKeyedDict:

>>> from jaraco.collections import FoldedCaseKeyedDict
>>> d = FoldedCaseKeyedDict()
>>> d['heLlo'] = 'world'
>>> list(d.keys()) == ['heLlo']
True
>>> d['hello'] == 'world'
True
>>> 'hello' in d
True
>>> 'HELLO' in d
True

考虑使用jaraco.text中的FoldedCase:

>>> from jaraco.text import FoldedCase
>>> FoldedCase('Hello World') in ['hello world']
True

如果你想要一个不考虑大小写的字典，使用来自jaraco.collections的FoldedCaseKeyedDict:

>>> from jaraco.collections import FoldedCaseKeyedDict
>>> d = FoldedCaseKeyedDict()
>>> d['heLlo'] = 'world'
>>> list(d.keys()) == ['heLlo']
True
>>> d['hello'] == 'world'
True
>>> 'hello' in d
True
>>> 'HELLO' in d
True

def insenStringCompare(s1, s2):
    """ Method that takes two strings and returns True or False, based
        on if they are equal, regardless of case."""
    try:
        return s1.lower() == s2.lower()
    except AttributeError:
        print "Please only pass strings into this method."
        print "You passed a %s and %s" % (s1.__class__, s2.__class__)

from re import search, IGNORECASE

def is_string_match(word1, word2):
    #  Case insensitively function that checks if two words are the same
    # word1: string
    # word2: string | list

    # if the word1 is in a list of words
    if isinstance(word2, list):
        for word in word2:
            if search(rf'\b{word1}\b', word, IGNORECASE):
                return True
        return False

    # if the word1 is same as word2
    if search(rf'\b{word1}\b', word2, IGNORECASE):
        return True
    return False

is_match_word = is_string_match("Hello", "hELLO") 
True

is_match_word = is_string_match("Hello", ["Bye", "hELLO", "@vagavela"])
True

is_match_word = is_string_match("Hello", "Bye")
False

使用Python 2，在每个字符串或Unicode对象上调用.lower()…

string1.lower() == string2.lower()

.．.大部分时间都有效，但在@tchrist所描述的情况下确实不起作用。

假设我们有一个名为unicode.txt的文件，其中包含两个字符串Σίσυφος和ΣΊΣΥΦΟΣ。使用Python 2:

>>> utf8_bytes = open("unicode.txt", 'r').read()
>>> print repr(utf8_bytes)
'\xce\xa3\xce\xaf\xcf\x83\xcf\x85\xcf\x86\xce\xbf\xcf\x82\n\xce\xa3\xce\x8a\xce\xa3\xce\xa5\xce\xa6\xce\x9f\xce\xa3\n'
>>> u = utf8_bytes.decode('utf8')
>>> print u
Σίσυφος
ΣΊΣΥΦΟΣ

>>> first, second = u.splitlines()
>>> print first.lower()
σίσυφος
>>> print second.lower()
σίσυφοσ
>>> first.lower() == second.lower()
False
>>> first.upper() == second.upper()
True

Σ字符有两种小写形式ς和Σ， .lower()不能区分大小写进行比较。

然而，从Python 3开始，这三种表单都将解析为ς，并且在两个字符串上调用lower()将正确工作:

>>> s = open('unicode.txt', encoding='utf8').read()
>>> print(s)
Σίσυφος
ΣΊΣΥΦΟΣ

>>> first, second = s.splitlines()
>>> print(first.lower())
σίσυφος
>>> print(second.lower())
σίσυφος
>>> first.lower() == second.lower()
True
>>> first.upper() == second.upper()
True

所以如果你关心边界情况，比如希腊语中的3 sigma，请使用python3。

(作为参考，Python 2.7.3和Python 3.3.0b1显示在上面的解释器打印输出中。)

您可以使用casefold()方法。casefold()方法在比较时忽略案例。

firstString = "Hi EVERYONE"
secondString = "Hi everyone"

if firstString.casefold() == secondString.casefold():
    print('The strings are equal.')
else:
    print('The strings are not equal.')

输出:

The strings are equal.