我在学校作业中也做过类似的练习。这就是我的解

dictionary = {1: ['hate', 'love'],
              2: ['salad', 'burger'],
              3: ['vegetables', 'pizza']}

def normalize(text):
    for i in dictionary:
        text = text.replace(dictionary[i][0], dictionary[i][1])
    return text

自己查看测试字符串上的结果

string_to_change = 'I hate salad and vegetables'
print(normalize(string_to_change))

你可以做一个漂亮的循环函数。

def replace_all(text, dic):
    for i, j in dic.iteritems():
        text = text.replace(i, j)
    return text

其中text是完整的字符串，dic是字典-每个定义都是一个字符串，将替换与术语匹配的字符串。

注意:在Python 3中，iteritems()已被items()取代

注意:Python字典没有迭代的可靠顺序。此解决方案仅在以下情况下解决您的问题:

替换的顺序无关紧要 替换者可以改变之前替换者的结果

更新:上述与插入顺序相关的语句不适用于大于或等于3.6的Python版本，因为标准字典已更改为使用插入顺序进行迭代。

例如:

d = { "cat": "dog", "dog": "pig"}
my_sentence = "This is my cat and this is my dog."
replace_all(my_sentence, d)
print(my_sentence)

可能输出#1:

"This is my pig and this is my pig."

可能的输出#2

"This is my dog and this is my pig."

一个可能的解决方法是使用OrderedDict。

from collections import OrderedDict
def replace_all(text, dic):
    for i, j in dic.items():
        text = text.replace(i, j)
    return text
od = OrderedDict([("cat", "dog"), ("dog", "pig")])
my_sentence = "This is my cat and this is my dog."
replace_all(my_sentence, od)
print(my_sentence)

输出:

"This is my pig and this is my pig."

注意事项#2:如果你的文本字符串太大或字典中有很多对，效率就会很低。

下面是一个简短的例子，应该做的技巧与正则表达式:

import re

rep = {"condition1": "", "condition2": "text"} # define desired replacements here

# use these three lines to do the replacement
rep = dict((re.escape(k), v) for k, v in rep.iteritems()) 
#Python 3 renamed dict.iteritems to dict.items so use rep.items() for latest versions
pattern = re.compile("|".join(rep.keys()))
text = pattern.sub(lambda m: rep[re.escape(m.group(0))], text)

例如:

>>> pattern.sub(lambda m: rep[re.escape(m.group(0))], "(condition1) and --condition2--")
'() and --text--'

我在学校作业中也做过类似的练习。这就是我的解

dictionary = {1: ['hate', 'love'],
              2: ['salad', 'burger'],
              3: ['vegetables', 'pizza']}

def normalize(text):
    for i in dictionary:
        text = text.replace(dictionary[i][0], dictionary[i][1])
    return text

自己查看测试字符串上的结果

string_to_change = 'I hate salad and vegetables'
print(normalize(string_to_change))

下面是另一种使用字典的方法:

listA="The cat jumped over the house".split()
modify = {word:word for number,word in enumerate(listA)}
modify["cat"],modify["jumped"]="dog","walked"
print " ".join(modify[x] for x in listA)

另一个例子: 输入列表

error_list = ['[br]', '[ex]', 'Something']
words = ['how', 'much[ex]', 'is[br]', 'the', 'fish[br]', 'noSomething', 'really']

期望的输出将是

words = ['how', 'much', 'is', 'the', 'fish', 'no', 'really']

代码:

[n[0][0] if len(n[0]) else n[1] for n in [[[w.replace(e,"") for e in error_list if e in w],w] for w in words]]