我想要str_replace()的一个版本,它只替换$subject中第一次出现的$search。有一个简单的解决方案,还是我需要一个hack的解决方案?
当前回答
补充一下人们所说的,记住整个字符串是一个数组:
$string = "Lorem ipsum lá lá lá";
$string[0] = "B";
echo $string;
“Borem ipsum there there”
其他回答
编辑:两个答案都已更新,现在是正确的。我将把答案留下,因为函数时间仍然是有用的。
“僵尸”和“太多php”的答案很不幸是不正确的。这是对僵尸发布的答案的修正(因为我没有足够的声誉来发表评论):
$pos = strpos($haystack,$needle);
if ($pos !== false) {
$newstring = substr_replace($haystack,$replace,$pos,strlen($needle));
}
注意strlen($needle),而不是strlen($replace)。Zombat的例子只有在针头和替代物长度相同的情况下才能正确工作。
下面是与PHP自己的str_replace具有相同签名的函数中的相同函数:
function str_replace_first($search, $replace, $subject) {
$pos = strpos($subject, $search);
if ($pos !== false) {
return substr_replace($subject, $replace, $pos, strlen($search));
}
return $subject;
}
这是修改后的“too much php”的答案:
implode($replace, explode($search, $subject, 2));
注意最后的2而不是1。或函数格式:
function str_replace_first($search, $replace, $subject) {
return implode($replace, explode($search, $subject, 2));
}
我对这两个函数进行了计时,当没有找到匹配时,第一个函数的速度是原来的两倍。当找到匹配时,它们的速度是一样的。
=> CODE已被修订,所以考虑一些太旧的注释
感谢大家帮助我改进这一点 有任何BUG,请与我沟通;我马上就去做
那么,让我们开始:
将第一个o替换为ea,例如:
$s='I love you';
$s=str_replace_first('o','ea',$s);
echo $s;
//output: I leave you
功能:
function str_replace_first($this,$that,$s)
{
$w=strpos($s,$this);
if($w===false)return $s;
return substr($s,0,$w).$that.substr($s,$w+strlen($this));
}
为了扩展@ renoor的答案,我编写了一个与str_replace() 100%向后兼容的函数。也就是说,可以用str_replace_limit()替换所有出现的str_replace(),而不会搞砸任何事情,即使是使用数组进行$search、$replace和/或$subject。
如果您想用($string===strval(intval(strval($string))))))替换函数调用,则该函数可以完全自包含,但我不建议这样做,因为valid_integer()在处理作为字符串提供的整数时是一个相当有用的函数。
注意:只要可能,str_replace_limit()将使用str_replace()来代替,因此所有对str_replace()的调用都可以用str_replace_limit()来代替,而不用担心对性能的影响。
使用
<?php
$search = 'a';
$replace = 'b';
$subject = 'abcabc';
$limit = -1; // No limit
$new_string = str_replace_limit($search, $replace, $subject, $count, $limit);
echo $count.' replacements -- '.$new_string;
2个替换——BBCBBC
$limit = 1; // Limit of 1
$new_string = str_replace_limit($search, $replace, $subject, $count, $limit);
echo $count.' replacements -- '.$new_string;
1个替换——bbcabc
$limit = 10; // Limit of 10
$new_string = str_replace_limit($search, $replace, $subject, $count, $limit);
echo $count.' replacements -- '.$new_string;
2个替换——BBCBBC
函数
<?php
/**
* Checks if $string is a valid integer. Integers provided as strings (e.g. '2' vs 2)
* are also supported.
* @param mixed $string
* @return bool Returns boolean TRUE if string is a valid integer, or FALSE if it is not
*/
function valid_integer($string){
// 1. Cast as string (in case integer is provided)
// 1. Convert the string to an integer and back to a string
// 2. Check if identical (note: 'identical', NOT just 'equal')
// Note: TRUE, FALSE, and NULL $string values all return FALSE
$string = strval($string);
return ($string===strval(intval($string)));
}
/**
* Replace $limit occurences of the search string with the replacement string
* @param mixed $search The value being searched for, otherwise known as the needle. An
* array may be used to designate multiple needles.
* @param mixed $replace The replacement value that replaces found search values. An
* array may be used to designate multiple replacements.
* @param mixed $subject The string or array being searched and replaced on, otherwise
* known as the haystack. If subject is an array, then the search and replace is
* performed with every entry of subject, and the return value is an array as well.
* @param string $count If passed, this will be set to the number of replacements
* performed.
* @param int $limit The maximum possible replacements for each pattern in each subject
* string. Defaults to -1 (no limit).
* @return string This function returns a string with the replaced values.
*/
function str_replace_limit(
$search,
$replace,
$subject,
&$count,
$limit = -1
){
// Set some defaults
$count = 0;
// Invalid $limit provided. Throw a warning.
if(!valid_integer($limit)){
$backtrace = debug_backtrace();
trigger_error('Invalid $limit `'.$limit.'` provided to '.__function__.'() in '.
'`'.$backtrace[0]['file'].'` on line '.$backtrace[0]['line'].'. Expecting an '.
'integer', E_USER_WARNING);
return $subject;
}
// Invalid $limit provided. Throw a warning.
if($limit<-1){
$backtrace = debug_backtrace();
trigger_error('Invalid $limit `'.$limit.'` provided to '.__function__.'() in '.
'`'.$backtrace[0]['file'].'` on line '.$backtrace[0]['line'].'. Expecting -1 or '.
'a positive integer', E_USER_WARNING);
return $subject;
}
// No replacements necessary. Throw a notice as this was most likely not the intended
// use. And, if it was (e.g. part of a loop, setting $limit dynamically), it can be
// worked around by simply checking to see if $limit===0, and if it does, skip the
// function call (and set $count to 0, if applicable).
if($limit===0){
$backtrace = debug_backtrace();
trigger_error('Invalid $limit `'.$limit.'` provided to '.__function__.'() in '.
'`'.$backtrace[0]['file'].'` on line '.$backtrace[0]['line'].'. Expecting -1 or '.
'a positive integer', E_USER_NOTICE);
return $subject;
}
// Use str_replace() whenever possible (for performance reasons)
if($limit===-1){
return str_replace($search, $replace, $subject, $count);
}
if(is_array($subject)){
// Loop through $subject values and call this function for each one.
foreach($subject as $key => $this_subject){
// Skip values that are arrays (to match str_replace()).
if(!is_array($this_subject)){
// Call this function again for
$this_function = __FUNCTION__;
$subject[$key] = $this_function(
$search,
$replace,
$this_subject,
$this_count,
$limit
);
// Adjust $count
$count += $this_count;
// Adjust $limit, if not -1
if($limit!=-1){
$limit -= $this_count;
}
// Reached $limit, return $subject
if($limit===0){
return $subject;
}
}
}
return $subject;
} elseif(is_array($search)){
// Only treat $replace as an array if $search is also an array (to match str_replace())
// Clear keys of $search (to match str_replace()).
$search = array_values($search);
// Clear keys of $replace, if applicable (to match str_replace()).
if(is_array($replace)){
$replace = array_values($replace);
}
// Loop through $search array.
foreach($search as $key => $this_search){
// Don't support multi-dimensional arrays (to match str_replace()).
$this_search = strval($this_search);
// If $replace is an array, use the value of $replace[$key] as the replacement. If
// $replace[$key] doesn't exist, just an empty string (to match str_replace()).
if(is_array($replace)){
if(array_key_exists($key, $replace)){
$this_replace = strval($replace[$key]);
} else {
$this_replace = '';
}
} else {
$this_replace = strval($replace);
}
// Call this function again for
$this_function = __FUNCTION__;
$subject = $this_function(
$this_search,
$this_replace,
$subject,
$this_count,
$limit
);
// Adjust $count
$count += $this_count;
// Adjust $limit, if not -1
if($limit!=-1){
$limit -= $this_count;
}
// Reached $limit, return $subject
if($limit===0){
return $subject;
}
}
return $subject;
} else {
$search = strval($search);
$replace = strval($replace);
// Get position of first $search
$pos = strpos($subject, $search);
// Return $subject if $search cannot be found
if($pos===false){
return $subject;
}
// Get length of $search, to make proper replacement later on
$search_len = strlen($search);
// Loop until $search can no longer be found, or $limit is reached
for($i=0;(($i<$limit)||($limit===-1));$i++){
// Replace
$subject = substr_replace($subject, $replace, $pos, $search_len);
// Increase $count
$count++;
// Get location of next $search
$pos = strpos($subject, $search);
// Break out of loop if $needle
if($pos===false){
break;
}
}
// Return new $subject
return $subject;
}
}
最简单的方法是使用正则表达式。
另一种方法是用strpos()找到字符串的位置,然后用substr_replace()
但我真的会选择RegExp。
我创建了这个小函数,用limit替换字符串上的字符串(区分大小写),而不需要Regexp。它工作得很好。
function str_replace_limit($search, $replace, $string, $limit = 1) {
$pos = strpos($string, $search);
if ($pos === false) {
return $string;
}
$searchLen = strlen($search);
for ($i = 0; $i < $limit; $i++) {
$string = substr_replace($string, $replace, $pos, $searchLen);
$pos = strpos($string, $search);
if ($pos === false) {
break;
}
}
return $string;
}
使用示例:
$search = 'foo';
$replace = 'bar';
$string = 'foo wizard makes foo brew for evil foo and jack';
$limit = 2;
$replaced = str_replace_limit($search, $replace, $string, $limit);
echo $replaced;
// bar wizard makes bar brew for evil foo and jack