根据文件:

componentDidUpdate()在更新发生后立即调用。初始呈现时不调用此方法。

我们可以使用新的useEffect()钩子来模拟componentDidUpdate(),但似乎每次渲染后都会运行useEffect(),甚至是第一次渲染。我如何让它在初始渲染时不运行?

正如你在下面的例子中看到的,componentDidUpdateFunction在初始渲染期间被打印,但是componentDidUpdateClass在初始渲染期间没有被打印。

function ComponentDidUpdateFunction() { const [count, setCount] = React.useState(0); React.useEffect(() => { console.log("componentDidUpdateFunction"); }); return ( <div> <p>componentDidUpdateFunction: {count} times</p> <button onClick={() => { setCount(count + 1); }} > Click Me </button> </div> ); } class ComponentDidUpdateClass extends React.Component { constructor(props) { super(props); this.state = { count: 0, }; } componentDidUpdate() { console.log("componentDidUpdateClass"); } render() { return ( <div> <p>componentDidUpdateClass: {this.state.count} times</p> <button onClick={() => { this.setState({ count: this.state.count + 1 }); }} > Click Me </button> </div> ); } } ReactDOM.render( <div> <ComponentDidUpdateFunction /> <ComponentDidUpdateClass /> </div>, document.querySelector("#app") ); <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16.7.0-alpha.0/umd/react.development.js"></script> <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16.7.0-alpha.0/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script> <div id="app"></div>


当前回答

这是迄今为止我使用typescript创建的最好的实现。基本上,想法是相同的,使用Ref,但我也考虑了useEffect返回的回调,以执行组件卸载时的清理。

import {
  useRef,
  EffectCallback,
  DependencyList,
  useEffect
} from 'react';

/**
 * @param effect 
 * @param dependencies
 *  
 */
export default function useNoInitialEffect(
  effect: EffectCallback,
  dependencies?: DependencyList
) {
  //Preserving the true by default as initial render cycle
  const initialRender = useRef(true);

  useEffect(() => {
    let effectReturns: void | (() => void) = () => {};

    // Updating the ref to false on the first render, causing
    // subsequent render to execute the effect
    if (initialRender.current) {
      initialRender.current = false;
    } else {
      effectReturns = effect();
    }

    // Preserving and allowing the Destructor returned by the effect
    // to execute on component unmount and perform cleanup if
    // required.
    if (effectReturns && typeof effectReturns === 'function') {
      return effectReturns;
    } 
    return undefined;
  }, dependencies);
}

你可以简单地使用它,就像你通常使用useEffect钩子一样,但这一次,它不会在初始渲染时运行。下面是如何使用这个钩子。

useNoInitialEffect(() => {
  // perform something, returning callback is supported
}, [a, b]);

如果你使用ESLint并且想为这个自定义钩子使用react-hooks/竭-deps规则:

{
  "rules": {
    // ...
    "react-hooks/exhaustive-deps": ["warn", {
      "additionalHooks": "useNoInitialEffect"
    }]
  }
}

其他回答

你可以使用自定义钩子在挂载后运行使用效果。

const useEffectAfterMount = (cb, dependencies) => {
  const mounted = useRef(true);

  useEffect(() => {
    if (!mounted.current) {
      return cb();
    }
    mounted.current = false;
  }, dependencies); // eslint-disable-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
};

以下是typescript版本:

const useEffectAfterMount = (cb: EffectCallback, dependencies: DependencyList | undefined) => {
  const mounted = useRef(true);

  useEffect(() => {
    if (!mounted.current) {
      return cb();
    }
    mounted.current = false;
  }, dependencies); // eslint-disable-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
};

@MehdiDehghani,你的解决方案工作得非常好,你必须做的一件事是卸载,重置didMount。当前值为false。当你试图在其他地方使用这个自定义钩子时,你不会得到缓存值。

import React, { useEffect, useRef } from 'react';

const useDidMountEffect = (func, deps) => {
    const didMount = useRef(false);

    useEffect(() => {
        let unmount;
        if (didMount.current) unmount = func();
        else didMount.current = true;

        return () => {
            didMount.current = false;
            unmount && unmount();
        }
    }, deps);
}

export default useDidMountEffect;

我做了一个简单的useFirstRender钩子来处理像聚焦表单输入这样的情况:

import { useRef, useEffect } from 'react';

export function useFirstRender() {
  const firstRender = useRef(true);

  useEffect(() => {
    firstRender.current = false;
  }, []);

  return firstRender.current;
}

它开始时为true,然后在useEffect中切换为false,只运行一次,再也不会运行。

在你的组件中使用它:

const firstRender = useFirstRender();
const phoneNumberRef = useRef(null);

useEffect(() => {
  if (firstRender || errors.phoneNumber) {
    phoneNumberRef.current.focus();
  }
}, [firstRender, errors.phoneNumber]);

对于您的情况,只需使用if (!firstRender) {....

我们可以使用useRef钩子来存储我们喜欢的任何可变值,因此我们可以使用它来跟踪useEffect函数是否第一次运行。

如果希望效果与componentDidUpdate运行在同一阶段,可以使用useLayoutEffect代替。

例子

const { useState, useRef, useLayoutEffect } = React; function ComponentDidUpdateFunction() { const [count, setCount] = useState(0); const firstUpdate = useRef(true); useLayoutEffect(() => { if (firstUpdate.current) { firstUpdate.current = false; return; } console.log("componentDidUpdateFunction"); }); return ( <div> <p>componentDidUpdateFunction: {count} times</p> <button onClick={() => { setCount(count + 1); }} > Click Me </button> </div> ); } ReactDOM.render( <ComponentDidUpdateFunction />, document.getElementById("app") ); <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16.7.0-alpha.0/umd/react.development.js"></script> <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16.7.0-alpha.0/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script> <div id="app"></div>

这是迄今为止我使用typescript创建的最好的实现。基本上,想法是相同的,使用Ref,但我也考虑了useEffect返回的回调,以执行组件卸载时的清理。

import {
  useRef,
  EffectCallback,
  DependencyList,
  useEffect
} from 'react';

/**
 * @param effect 
 * @param dependencies
 *  
 */
export default function useNoInitialEffect(
  effect: EffectCallback,
  dependencies?: DependencyList
) {
  //Preserving the true by default as initial render cycle
  const initialRender = useRef(true);

  useEffect(() => {
    let effectReturns: void | (() => void) = () => {};

    // Updating the ref to false on the first render, causing
    // subsequent render to execute the effect
    if (initialRender.current) {
      initialRender.current = false;
    } else {
      effectReturns = effect();
    }

    // Preserving and allowing the Destructor returned by the effect
    // to execute on component unmount and perform cleanup if
    // required.
    if (effectReturns && typeof effectReturns === 'function') {
      return effectReturns;
    } 
    return undefined;
  }, dependencies);
}

你可以简单地使用它,就像你通常使用useEffect钩子一样,但这一次,它不会在初始渲染时运行。下面是如何使用这个钩子。

useNoInitialEffect(() => {
  // perform something, returning callback is supported
}, [a, b]);

如果你使用ESLint并且想为这个自定义钩子使用react-hooks/竭-deps规则:

{
  "rules": {
    // ...
    "react-hooks/exhaustive-deps": ["warn", {
      "additionalHooks": "useNoInitialEffect"
    }]
  }
}