SELECT logcount, logUserID, maxlogtm
, DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE()) AS daysdiff
FROM statslogsummary
WHERE daysdiff > 120
我得到
无效的列名daysdiff。
Maxlogtm是一个datetime字段。就是这些小事让我抓狂。
SELECT logcount, logUserID, maxlogtm
, DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE()) AS daysdiff
FROM statslogsummary
WHERE daysdiff > 120
我得到
无效的列名daysdiff。
Maxlogtm是一个datetime字段。就是这些小事让我抓狂。
SELECT
logcount, logUserID, maxlogtm,
DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE()) AS daysdiff
FROM statslogsummary
WHERE ( DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE() > 120)
通常不能在WHERE子句中引用字段别名。(可以把它看作包括别名在内的整个SELECT应用在WHERE子句之后。)
但是,正如在其他回答中提到的,您可以强制SQL将SELECT处理为在WHERE子句之前处理。这通常用圆括号来强制逻辑操作顺序或使用公共表表达式(CTE):
括号/子查询:
SELECT
*
FROM
(
SELECT
logcount, logUserID, maxlogtm,
DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE()) AS daysdiff
FROM statslogsummary
) as innerTable
WHERE daysdiff > 120
或者看看亚当的CTE版本的答案。
如果你想在WHERE子句中使用别名,你需要将它包装在一个子选择中,或CTE:
WITH LogDateDiff AS
(
SELECT logcount, logUserID, maxlogtm
, DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE()) AS daysdiff
FROM statslogsummary
)
SELECT logCount, logUserId, maxlogtm, daysdiff
FROM LogDateDiff
WHERE daysdiff > 120
如果你不想在CTE中列出你所有的列,另一种方法是使用outer apply:
select
s.logcount, s.logUserID, s.maxlogtm,
a.daysdiff
from statslogsummary as s
outer apply (select datediff(day, s.maxlogtm, getdate()) as daysdiff) as a
where a.daysdiff > 120
如何使用子查询(这为我在Mysql工作)?
SELECT * from (SELECT logcount, logUserID, maxlogtm
, DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE()) AS daysdiff
FROM statslogsummary) as 'your_alias'
WHERE daysdiff > 120
在不重复代码的情况下,最有效的方法是使用HAVING而不是WHERE
SELECT logcount, logUserID, maxlogtm
, DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE()) AS daysdiff
FROM statslogsummary
HAVING daysdiff > 120
你可以引用列别名,但你需要使用CROSS/OUTER APPLY来定义它:
SELECT s.logcount, s.logUserID, s.maxlogtm, c.daysdiff
FROM statslogsummary s
CROSS APPLY (SELECT DATEDIFF(day, s.maxlogtm, GETDATE()) AS daysdiff) c
WHERE c.daysdiff > 120;
DBFiddle演示
优点:
表达式的单一定义(更容易维护/不需要复制-粘贴) 不需要用CTE/outerquery包装整个查询 可以在WHERE/GROUP BY/ORDER BY中引用 可能获得更好的性能(单次执行)
来到这里看起来类似,但有一个CASE WHEN,并像这样使用where结束:where (CASE WHEN COLUMN1=COLUMN2 THEN '1' ELSE '0' END) = 0也许你可以直接在where中使用DATEDIFF。 喜欢的东西:
SELECT logcount, logUserID, maxlogtm
FROM statslogsummary
WHERE (DATEDIFF(day, maxlogtm, GETDATE())) > 120
对我来说,在WHERE子句中使用ALIAS的最简单方法是创建子查询并从中进行选择。
例子:
WITH Q1 AS (
SELECT LENGTH(name) AS name_length,
id,
name
FROM any_table
)
SELECT id, name, name_length FROM Q1 WHERE name_length > 0