何为使用yield
Python 中的关键字?
比如说,我在试着理解这个代码1:
def _get_child_candidates(self, distance, min_dist, max_dist):
if self._leftchild and distance - max_dist < self._median:
yield self._leftchild
if self._rightchild and distance + max_dist >= self._median:
yield self._rightchild
这就是打电话的人:
result, candidates = [], [self]
while candidates:
node = candidates.pop()
distance = node._get_dist(obj)
if distance <= max_dist and distance >= min_dist:
result.extend(node._values)
candidates.extend(node._get_child_candidates(distance, min_dist, max_dist))
return result
当方法_get_child_candidates
是否调用 ? 列表是否返回 ? 单元素 ? 是否又调用 ? 以后的呼叫何时停止 ?
1. 本代码由Jochen Schulz(jrschulz)编写,他为公制空间制作了一个伟大的Python图书馆。模块 m 空间.
收益率与返回相似。区别是:
收益率使函数可适用(在下个示例中)primes(n = 1)
函数成为可使用性) 。
它的基本意思是 函数下次被调用时, 它将继续从它离开的地方( 位于yield expression
).
def isprime(n):
if n == 1:
return False
for x in range(2, n):
if n % x == 0:
return False
else:
return True
def primes(n = 1):
while(True):
if isprime(n): yield n
n += 1
for n in primes():
if n > 100: break
print(n)
在上述例子中,如果isprime(n)
这是真的, 它会返回质号。 在下次迭代中, 它会从下一行继续
n += 1
yield
简直就像return
区别在于,下次你打电话给发电机时,从最后一次呼叫开始执行。yield
与返回不同的语句,当生成时, 堆叠框架不会被清理, 但是控件会被转回调用方, 所以下次调用函数时, 它的状态将会恢复 。
对于您的代码,函数get_child_candidates
动作就像一个循环器,这样当您扩展列表时,它会一次向新列表添加一个元素。
list.extend
在你公布的代码样本中, 只需将图普还给列表, 并附加到列表中, 就会更加清晰 。
发电机可以使个别经过处理的物品立即得到处理(不必等待整个收集过程的处理),下面的例子说明了这一点。
import time
def get_gen():
for i in range(10):
yield i
time.sleep(1)
def get_list():
ret = []
for i in range(10):
ret.append(i)
time.sleep(1)
return ret
start_time = time.time()
print('get_gen iteration (individual results come immediately)')
for i in get_gen():
print(f'result arrived after: {time.time() - start_time:.0f} seconds')
print()
start_time = time.time()
print('get_list iteration (results come all at once)')
for i in get_list():
print(f'result arrived after: {time.time() - start_time:.0f} seconds')
get_gen iteration (individual results come immediately)
result arrived after: 0 seconds
result arrived after: 1 seconds
result arrived after: 2 seconds
result arrived after: 3 seconds
result arrived after: 4 seconds
result arrived after: 5 seconds
result arrived after: 6 seconds
result arrived after: 7 seconds
result arrived after: 8 seconds
result arrived after: 9 seconds
get_list iteration (results come all at once)
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds
result arrived after: 10 seconds