有一些简单的方法来填充字符串在Java?
似乎是一些应该在一些stringutil类API，但我找不到任何东西，这样做。
当前回答
这是一个高效的实用工具类，用于Java中的左填充，右填充，中心填充和零填充字符串。
package com.example;
/**
* Utility class for left pad, right pad, center pad and zero fill.
*/
public final class StringPadding {
public static String left(String string, int length, char fill) {
if (string.length() < length) {
char[] chars = string.toCharArray();
char[] output = new char[length];
int delta = length - chars.length;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (i < delta) {
output[i] = fill;
} else {
output[i] = chars[i - delta];
}
}
return new String(output);
}
return string;
}
public static String right(String string, int length, char fill) {
if (string.length() < length) {
char[] chars = string.toCharArray();
char[] output = new char[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (i < chars.length) {
output[i] = chars[i];
} else {
output[i] = fill;
}
}
return new String(output);
}
return string;
}
public static String center(String string, int length, char fill) {
if (string.length() < length) {
char[] chars = string.toCharArray();
int delta = length - chars.length;
int a = (delta % 2 == 0) ? delta / 2 : delta / 2 + 1;
int b = a + chars.length;
char[] output = new char[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (i < a) {
output[i] = fill;
} else if (i < b) {
output[i] = chars[i - a];
} else {
output[i] = fill;
}
}
return new String(output);
}
return string;
}
public static String zerofill(String string, int length) {
return left(string, length, '0');
}
private StringPadding() {
}
/**
* For tests!
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
String string = "123";
char blank = ' ';
System.out.println("left pad: [" + StringPadding.left(string, 10, blank) + "]");
System.out.println("right pad: [" + StringPadding.right(string, 10, blank) + "]");
System.out.println("center pad: [" + StringPadding.center(string, 10, blank) + "]");
System.out.println("zero fill: [" + StringPadding.zerofill(string, 10) + "]");
}
}
输出如下:
left pad: [ 123]
right pad: [123 ]
center pad: [ 123 ]
zero fill: [0000000123]
其他回答
这是一个高效的实用工具类，用于Java中的左填充，右填充，中心填充和零填充字符串。
package com.example;
/**
* Utility class for left pad, right pad, center pad and zero fill.
*/
public final class StringPadding {
public static String left(String string, int length, char fill) {
if (string.length() < length) {
char[] chars = string.toCharArray();
char[] output = new char[length];
int delta = length - chars.length;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (i < delta) {
output[i] = fill;
} else {
output[i] = chars[i - delta];
}
}
return new String(output);
}
return string;
}
public static String right(String string, int length, char fill) {
if (string.length() < length) {
char[] chars = string.toCharArray();
char[] output = new char[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (i < chars.length) {
output[i] = chars[i];
} else {
output[i] = fill;
}
}
return new String(output);
}
return string;
}
public static String center(String string, int length, char fill) {
if (string.length() < length) {
char[] chars = string.toCharArray();
int delta = length - chars.length;
int a = (delta % 2 == 0) ? delta / 2 : delta / 2 + 1;
int b = a + chars.length;
char[] output = new char[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (i < a) {
output[i] = fill;
} else if (i < b) {
output[i] = chars[i - a];
} else {
output[i] = fill;
}
}
return new String(output);
}
return string;
}
public static String zerofill(String string, int length) {
return left(string, length, '0');
}
private StringPadding() {
}
/**
* For tests!
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
String string = "123";
char blank = ' ';
System.out.println("left pad: [" + StringPadding.left(string, 10, blank) + "]");
System.out.println("right pad: [" + StringPadding.right(string, 10, blank) + "]");
System.out.println("center pad: [" + StringPadding.center(string, 10, blank) + "]");
System.out.println("zero fill: [" + StringPadding.zerofill(string, 10) + "]");
}
}
输出如下:
left pad: [ 123]
right pad: [123 ]
center pad: [ 123 ]
zero fill: [0000000123]
概括一下Eko的答案(Java 11+):
public class StringUtils {
public static String padLeft(String s, char fill, int padSize) {
if (padSize < 0) {
var err = "padSize must be >= 0 (was " + padSize + ")";
throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(err);
}
int repeats = Math.max(0, padSize - s.length());
return Character.toString(fill).repeat(repeats) + s;
}
public static String padRight(String s, char fill, int padSize) {
if (padSize < 0) {
var err = "padSize must be >= 0 (was " + padSize + ")";
throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(err);
}
int repeats = Math.max(0, padSize - s.length());
return s + Character.toString(fill).repeat(repeats);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(padLeft("", 'x', 5)); // => xxxxx
System.out.println(padLeft("1", 'x', 5)); // => xxxx1
System.out.println(padLeft("12", 'x', 5)); // => xxx12
System.out.println(padLeft("123", 'x', 5)); // => xx123
System.out.println(padLeft("1234", 'x', 5)); // => x1234
System.out.println(padLeft("12345", 'x', 5)); // => 12345
System.out.println(padLeft("123456", 'x', 5)); // => 123456
System.out.println(padRight("", 'x', 5)); // => xxxxx
System.out.println(padRight("1", 'x', 5)); // => 1xxxx
System.out.println(padRight("12", 'x', 5)); // => 12xxx
System.out.println(padRight("123", 'x', 5)); // => 123xx
System.out.println(padRight("1234", 'x', 5)); // => 1234x
System.out.println(padRight("12345", 'x', 5)); // => 12345
System.out.println(padRight("123456", 'x', 5)); // => 123456
System.out.println(padRight("1", 'x', -1)); // => throws
}
}
另一种利用递归的解决方案。
这与所有JDK版本兼容，不需要外部库:
private static String addPadding(final String str, final int desiredLength, final String padBy) {
String result = str;
if (str.length() >= desiredLength) {
return result;
} else {
result += padBy;
return addPadding(result, desiredLength, padBy);
}
}
注意:这个解决方案将附加填充，与一个小调整，你可以前缀填充值。
看看org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils#rightPad(String str, int size, char padChar)。
但算法非常简单(填充到字符大小):
public String pad(String str, int size, char padChar)
{
StringBuilder padded = new StringBuilder(str);
while (padded.length() < size)
{
padded.append(padChar);
}
return padded.toString();
}
Java联机程序，没有花哨的库。
// 6 characters padding example
String pad = "******";
// testcases for 0, 4, 8 characters
String input = "" | "abcd" | "abcdefgh"
左Pad，不要限制
result = pad.substring(Math.min(input.length(),pad.length())) + input;
results: "******" | "**abcd" | "abcdefgh"
右移，不要限制
result = input + pad.substring(Math.min(input.length(),pad.length()));
results: "******" | "abcd**" | "abcdefgh"
左衬垫，限制衬垫长度
result = (pad + input).substring(input.length(), input.length() + pad.length());
results: "******" | "**abcd" | "cdefgh"
右垫，限制垫的长度
result = (input + pad).substring(0, pad.length());
results: "******" | "abcd**" | "abcdef"
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