如此:

"".format("%1$-" + 9 + "s", "XXX").replaceAll(" ", "0")

它会用空白填充你的字符串XXX，最多9个字符。在此之后，所有空格将被替换为0。你可以把空格和0改为任何你想要的…

从Java 11开始，string. repeat(int)可以用来左右填充给定的字符串。

System.out.println("*".repeat(5)+"apple");
System.out.println("apple"+"*".repeat(5));

输出:

*****apple
apple*****

你可以通过保留填充数据来减少每次调用的开销，而不是每次都重新构建:

public class RightPadder {

    private int length;
    private String padding;

    public RightPadder(int length, String pad) {
        this.length = length;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(pad);
        while (sb.length() < length) {
            sb.append(sb);
        }
        padding = sb.toString();
   }

    public String pad(String s) {
        return (s.length() < length ? s + padding : s).substring(0, length);
    }

}

作为一种替代方法，您可以将结果长度作为pad(…)方法的参数。在这种情况下，在该方法中而不是在构造函数中调整隐藏填充。

(提示:为了获得额外的学分，让它是线程安全的!: -)

概括一下Eko的答案(Java 11+):

public class StringUtils {
    public static String padLeft(String s, char fill, int padSize) {
        if (padSize < 0) {
            var err = "padSize must be >= 0 (was " + padSize + ")";
            throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(err);
        }

        int repeats = Math.max(0, padSize - s.length());
        return Character.toString(fill).repeat(repeats) + s;
    }

    public static String padRight(String s, char fill, int padSize) {
        if (padSize < 0) {
            var err = "padSize must be >= 0 (was " + padSize + ")";
            throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(err);
        }

        int repeats = Math.max(0, padSize - s.length());
        return s + Character.toString(fill).repeat(repeats);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(padLeft("", 'x', 5)); // => xxxxx
        System.out.println(padLeft("1", 'x', 5)); // => xxxx1
        System.out.println(padLeft("12", 'x', 5)); // => xxx12
        System.out.println(padLeft("123", 'x', 5)); // => xx123
        System.out.println(padLeft("1234", 'x', 5)); // => x1234
        System.out.println(padLeft("12345", 'x', 5)); // => 12345
        System.out.println(padLeft("123456", 'x', 5)); // => 123456

        System.out.println(padRight("", 'x', 5)); // => xxxxx
        System.out.println(padRight("1", 'x', 5)); // => 1xxxx
        System.out.println(padRight("12", 'x', 5)); // => 12xxx
        System.out.println(padRight("123", 'x', 5)); // => 123xx
        System.out.println(padRight("1234", 'x', 5)); // => 1234x
        System.out.println(padRight("12345", 'x', 5)); // => 12345
        System.out.println(padRight("123456", 'x', 5)); // => 123456

        System.out.println(padRight("1", 'x', -1)); // => throws
    }
}

填充到10个字符:

String.format("%10s", "foo").replace(' ', '*');
String.format("%-10s", "bar").replace(' ', '*');
String.format("%10s", "longer than 10 chars").replace(' ', '*');

输出:

  *******foo
  bar*******
  longer*than*10*chars

密码字符显示“*”:

String password = "secret123";
String padded = String.format("%"+password.length()+"s", "").replace(' ', '*');

输出与密码字符串长度相同:

  secret123
  *********

看看org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils#rightPad(String str, int size, char padChar)。

但算法非常简单(填充到字符大小):

public String pad(String str, int size, char padChar)
{
  StringBuilder padded = new StringBuilder(str);
  while (padded.length() < size)
  {
    padded.append(padChar);
  }
  return padded.toString();
}