我经常看到JavaScript代码以这种方式检查未定义的参数等:
if (typeof input !== "undefined") {
// do stuff
}
这似乎有点浪费，因为它涉及类型查找和字符串比较，更不用说它的冗长了。需要它是因为undefined可以重命名。
我的问题是: 这段代码比下面的方法好到哪里去了:
if (null != input) {
// do stuff
}
据我所知，你不能重定义null，所以它不会意外中断。并且，由于!=操作符的类型强制，这将检查undefined和null…这通常正是你想要的(例如，对于可选的函数参数)。
然而，这种形式似乎并不普遍，它甚至会导致JSLint因为您使用了邪恶的!=操作符而对您大喊大叫。
为什么这被认为是糟糕的风格?
当前回答
(function(){ var a= b = 3; var ed = 103; })(); //console.log(ed); //ed is not defined console.log("a defined? " + (typeof a !== 'undefined')); //no define console.log("b defined? " + (typeof b !== 'undefined')); //yes define console.log(typeof(b)); //number console.log(typeof(4+7)); //number console.log(b); //3 console.log(typeof("4"+"7")); //string var e= "ggg"; console.log(typeof(e)); //string var ty=typeof(b); console.log(ty); //number console.log(typeof false); //boolean console.log(typeof 1); //number console.log(typeof 0); //number console.log(typeof true); //boolean console.log(typeof Math.tan); //function console.log(typeof function(){}); //function if(typeof neverDeclared == "undefined") //no errors if(typeof neverDeclared === "undefined") //no errors //if(neverDeclared == null) //showing error console.log(typeof {a:1}); //object console.log(typeof null); //object console.log(typeof JSON); //object console.log(typeof Math); //object console.log(typeof /a-z/); //object console.log(typeof new Date()); //object console.log(typeof afbc); //undefined //console.log(typeof new);//error document.write("<br> * oprator as math "); var r=14*"4"; document.write(r); document.write("<br> + oprator as string "); var r=14+"44"; document.write(r); document.write("<br> Minus Operator work as mathematic "); var r=64-"44"; document.write(r); document.write("<br>"); console.log(typeof(4*"7")); //returns number console.log(typeof(4+"7")); //returns string Interview Question in JavaScript
其他回答
Typeof更安全，因为它允许标识符之前从未声明过:
if(typeof neverDeclared === "undefined") // no errors
if(neverDeclared === null) // throws ReferenceError: neverDeclared is not defined
(function(){ var a= b = 3; var ed = 103; })(); //console.log(ed); //ed is not defined console.log("a defined? " + (typeof a !== 'undefined')); //no define console.log("b defined? " + (typeof b !== 'undefined')); //yes define console.log(typeof(b)); //number console.log(typeof(4+7)); //number console.log(b); //3 console.log(typeof("4"+"7")); //string var e= "ggg"; console.log(typeof(e)); //string var ty=typeof(b); console.log(ty); //number console.log(typeof false); //boolean console.log(typeof 1); //number console.log(typeof 0); //number console.log(typeof true); //boolean console.log(typeof Math.tan); //function console.log(typeof function(){}); //function if(typeof neverDeclared == "undefined") //no errors if(typeof neverDeclared === "undefined") //no errors //if(neverDeclared == null) //showing error console.log(typeof {a:1}); //object console.log(typeof null); //object console.log(typeof JSON); //object console.log(typeof Math); //object console.log(typeof /a-z/); //object console.log(typeof new Date()); //object console.log(typeof afbc); //undefined //console.log(typeof new);//error document.write("<br> * oprator as math "); var r=14*"4"; document.write(r); document.write("<br> + oprator as string "); var r=14+"44"; document.write(r); document.write("<br> Minus Operator work as mathematic "); var r=64-"44"; document.write(r); document.write("<br>"); console.log(typeof(4*"7")); //returns number console.log(typeof(4+"7")); //returns string Interview Question in JavaScript
如果你真的担心undefined被重新定义，你可以使用一些helper方法来防止这种情况，像这样:
function is_undefined(value) {
var undefined_check; // instantiate a new variable which gets initialized to the real undefined value
return value === undefined_check;
}
这是可行的，因为当有人写undefined = "foo"时，他只让名字undefined引用一个新值，而不改变undefined的实际值。
function greet(name, greeting) { name = (typeof name !== 'undefined') ? name : 'Student'; greeting = (typeof greeting !== 'undefined') ? greeting : 'Welcome'; console.log(greeting,name); } greet(); // Welcome Student! greet('James'); // Welcome James! greet('Richard', 'Howdy'); // Howdy Richard! //ES6 provides new ways of introducing default function parameters this way: function greet2(name = 'Student', greeting = 'Welcome') { // return '${greeting} ${name}!'; console.log(greeting,name); } greet2(); // Welcome Student! greet2('James'); // Welcome James! greet2('Richard', 'Howdy'); // Howdy Richard!
if (input == undefined) { ... }
工作得很好。这当然不是一个空的比较，但我通常发现，如果我需要区分undefined和null，我实际上更需要区分undefined和任何假值，所以
else if (input) { ... }
它。
如果一个程序重新定义了undefined，那么无论如何它都是脑死亡。
我能想到的唯一原因是IE4兼容性，它不理解未定义关键字(这实际上不是一个关键字，不幸的是)，但当然值可以是未定义的，所以你必须有这个:
var undefined;
上面的比较就可以了。
在你的第二个例子中，你可能需要双括号来让lint开心?
