如何在.NET（C#）中将字符串转换为字节[]而不手动指定特定编码？
我要加密字符串。我可以在不进行转换的情况下对其进行加密，但我仍然想知道为什么编码会在这里发挥作用。
此外，为什么还要考虑编码？我不能简单地获取字符串存储的字节数吗？为什么依赖字符编码？
当前回答
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
byte[] bytes;
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
string orig = "喂 Hello 谢谢 Thank You";
bf.Serialize(ms, orig);
ms.Seek(0, 0);
bytes = ms.ToArray();
MessageBox.Show("Original bytes Length: " + bytes.Length.ToString());
MessageBox.Show("Original string Length: " + orig.Length.ToString());
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; ++i) bytes[i] ^= 168; // pseudo encrypt
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; ++i) bytes[i] ^= 168; // pseudo decrypt
BinaryFormatter bfx = new BinaryFormatter();
MemoryStream msx = new MemoryStream();
msx.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
msx.Seek(0, 0);
string sx = (string)bfx.Deserialize(msx);
MessageBox.Show("Still intact :" + sx);
MessageBox.Show("Deserialize string Length(still intact): "
+ sx.Length.ToString());
BinaryFormatter bfy = new BinaryFormatter();
MemoryStream msy = new MemoryStream();
bfy.Serialize(msy, sx);
msy.Seek(0, 0);
byte[] bytesy = msy.ToArray();
MessageBox.Show("Deserialize bytes Length(still intact): "
+ bytesy.Length.ToString());
其他回答
为了证明Mehrrad的声音回答有效，他的方法甚至可以持久化未配对的代理字符（其中许多人对我的答案持反对态度，但每个人都有同样的错误，例如System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes、System.Text.Encding.Unicode.GetBytes；例如，这些编码方法不能持久化高代理字符d800，而这些方法只是用值fffd替换高代理字符）：
using System;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string t = "爱虫";
string s = "Test\ud800Test";
byte[] dumpToBytes = GetBytes(s);
string getItBack = GetString(dumpToBytes);
foreach (char item in getItBack)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", item, ((ushort)item).ToString("x"));
}
}
static byte[] GetBytes(string str)
{
byte[] bytes = new byte[str.Length * sizeof(char)];
System.Buffer.BlockCopy(str.ToCharArray(), 0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
return bytes;
}
static string GetString(byte[] bytes)
{
char[] chars = new char[bytes.Length / sizeof(char)];
System.Buffer.BlockCopy(bytes, 0, chars, 0, bytes.Length);
return new string(chars);
}
}
输出：
T 54
e 65
s 73
t 74
? d800
T 54
e 65
s 73
t 74
尝试使用System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes或System.Text.Encding.Unicode.GetBytes，它们只会用值fffd替换高代理项字符
每当这个问题发生变化时，我仍然在想一个序列化程序（无论是来自Microsoft还是来自第三方组件），它可以持久化字符串，即使它包含不成对的代理字符；我时不时地在谷歌上搜索这个：序列化不成对的代理角色.NET。这不会让我失眠，但偶尔有人评论我的答案，说它有缺陷，但他们的答案在不成对的替代角色方面同样有缺陷，这让我很烦。
Darn，Microsoft应该在BinaryFormatter中使用System.Buffer.BlockCopyツ
谢谢！
Use:
string text = "string";
byte[] array = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text);
结果是：
[0] = 115
[1] = 116
[2] = 114
[3] = 105
[4] = 110
[5] = 103
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
byte[] bytes;
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
string orig = "喂 Hello 谢谢 Thank You";
bf.Serialize(ms, orig);
ms.Seek(0, 0);
bytes = ms.ToArray();
MessageBox.Show("Original bytes Length: " + bytes.Length.ToString());
MessageBox.Show("Original string Length: " + orig.Length.ToString());
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; ++i) bytes[i] ^= 168; // pseudo encrypt
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; ++i) bytes[i] ^= 168; // pseudo decrypt
BinaryFormatter bfx = new BinaryFormatter();
MemoryStream msx = new MemoryStream();
msx.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
msx.Seek(0, 0);
string sx = (string)bfx.Deserialize(msx);
MessageBox.Show("Still intact :" + sx);
MessageBox.Show("Deserialize string Length(still intact): "
+ sx.Length.ToString());
BinaryFormatter bfy = new BinaryFormatter();
MemoryStream msy = new MemoryStream();
bfy.Serialize(msy, sx);
msy.Seek(0, 0);
byte[] bytesy = msy.ToArray();
MessageBox.Show("Deserialize bytes Length(still intact): "
+ bytesy.Length.ToString());
以下是我的String-to-Byte[]转换的不安全实现：
public static unsafe Byte[] GetBytes(String s)
{
Int32 length = s.Length * sizeof(Char);
Byte[] bytes = new Byte[length];
fixed (Char* pInput = s)
fixed (Byte* pBytes = bytes)
{
Byte* source = (Byte*)pInput;
Byte* destination = pBytes;
if (length >= 16)
{
do
{
*((Int64*)destination) = *((Int64*)source);
*((Int64*)(destination + 8)) = *((Int64*)(source + 8));
source += 16;
destination += 16;
}
while ((length -= 16) >= 16);
}
if (length > 0)
{
if ((length & 8) != 0)
{
*((Int64*)destination) = *((Int64*)source);
source += 8;
destination += 8;
}
if ((length & 4) != 0)
{
*((Int32*)destination) = *((Int32*)source);
source += 4;
destination += 4;
}
if ((length & 2) != 0)
{
*((Int16*)destination) = *((Int16*)source);
source += 2;
destination += 2;
}
if ((length & 1) != 0)
{
++source;
++destination;
destination[0] = source[0];
}
}
}
return bytes;
}
它比公认的anwser要快得多，即使没有它那么优雅。以下是我在10000000次迭代中的秒表基准：
[Second String: Length 20]
Buffer.BlockCopy: 746ms
Unsafe: 557ms
[Second String: Length 50]
Buffer.BlockCopy: 861ms
Unsafe: 753ms
[Third String: Length 100]
Buffer.BlockCopy: 1250ms
Unsafe: 1063ms
为了使用它，您必须在项目构建财产中勾选“允许不安全代码”。根据.NET Framework 3.5，此方法也可以用作字符串扩展：
public static unsafe class StringExtensions
{
public static Byte[] ToByteArray(this String s)
{
// Method Code
}
}
bytes[] buffer = UnicodeEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string something); //for converting to UTF then get its bytes
bytes[] buffer = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(string something); //for converting to ascii then get its bytes
