有两种简单的方法：

cat "text1;text2;text3" | tr " " "\n"

and

cat "text1;text2;text3" | sed -e 's/ /\n/g'

如果没有空间，为什么不这样？

IN="bla@some.com;john@home.com"
arr=(`echo $IN | tr ';' ' '`)

echo ${arr[0]}
echo ${arr[1]}

又一个迟来的答案。。。如果你对java有兴趣，这里是bashj(https://sourceforge.net/projects/bashj/)解决方案：

#!/usr/bin/bashj

#!java

private static String[] cuts;
private static int cnt=0;
public static void split(String words,String regexp) {cuts=words.split(regexp);}
public static String next() {return(cnt<cuts.length ? cuts[cnt++] : "null");}

#!bash

IN="bla@some.com;john@home.com"

: j.split($IN,";")    # java method call

while true
do
    NAME=j.next()     # java method call
    if [ $NAME != null ] ; then echo $NAME ; else exit ; fi
done

在Android shell中，大多数建议的方法都不起作用：

$ IFS=':' read -ra ADDR <<<"$PATH"                             
/system/bin/sh: can't create temporary file /sqlite_stmt_journals/mksh.EbNoR10629: No such file or directory

工作原理是：

$ for i in ${PATH//:/ }; do echo $i; done
/sbin
/vendor/bin
/system/sbin
/system/bin
/system/xbin

其中//表示全局替换。

这里有一些很酷的答案（特别是勘误表），但对于类似于其他语言中的分裂的东西——这就是我最初的问题的意思——我决定了这个问题：

IN="bla@some.com;john@home.com"
declare -a a="(${IN/;/ })";

现在，${a[0]｝、${a[1]｝等都是您所期望的。使用${#a[*]}来表示术语的数量。或者迭代，当然：

for i in ${a[*]}; do echo $i; done

重要说明：

这在没有空间可担心的情况下有效，这解决了我的问题，但可能无法解决你的问题。在这种情况下，使用$IFS解决方案。

编辑：对不起，我在SO上读到POSIX需要perl，所以我认为使用它是合法的。但在unix.stackexchange.com上，一些用户表示perl不是POSIX规范的一部分。

我的解决方案：一个使用perl的拆分来完成工作的函数。

详细评论如下：

#!/bin/bash

# This function is a wrapper for Perl's split.\
# \
# Since we cannot return an array like in Perl,
# it takes the name of the resulting array as last
# argument.\
# \
# See https://perldoc.perl.org/functions/split for usage info
# and examples.\
# \
# If you provide a Perl regexp that contains e. g. an escaped token like \b,
# space(s) and/or capture group(s), it must be quoted, and e. g. /\b/ must
# be single-quoted.\
# Thus, it's best to generally single-quote a Perl regexp.
function split # Args: <Element separator regexp> <string> <array name>
{
    (($# != 3)) && echo "${FUNCNAME[0]}: Wrong number of arguments, returning." && return 1

    local elementSepRE=$1
    local string=$2
    local -n array=$3

    local element i=0

    # Attention! read does Word Splitting on each line!
    # I must admit I didn't know that so far.
    # This removes leading and trailing spaces, exactly
    # what we don't want.
    # Thus, we set IFS locally to newline only.
    local IFS=$'\n'

    while read element; do
        # As opposed to array+=($element),
        # this preserves leading and trailing spaces.
        array[i++]=$element
    done <<<$(_perl_split)
}

# This function calls Perl's split function and prints the elements of the
# resulting array on separate lines.\
# It uses the caller's $elementSepRE and $string.
function _perl_split
{
    # A heredoc is a great way of embedding a Perl script.
    # N.B.: - Shell variables get expanded.
    #         - Thus:
    #           - They must be quoted.
    #           - Perl scalar variables must be escaped.
    #       - The backslash of \n must be escaped to protect it.
    #       - Instead of redirecting a single heredoc to perl, we may
    #         use multiple heredocs with cat within a command group and
    #         pipe the result to perl.
    #         This enables us to conditionally add certain lines of code.

    {
        cat <<-END
            my \$elementSepRE=q($elementSepRE);
        END

        # If $elementSepRE is a literal Perl regexp, qr must be applied
        # to it in order to use it.
        # N.B.: We cannot write this condition in Perl because when perl
        # compiles the script, all statements are checked for validity,
        # no matter if they will actually be executed or not.
        # And if $elementSepRE was e. g. == ', the line below – although
        # not to be executed – would give an error because of an unterminated
        # single-quoted string.
        [[ $elementSepRE =~ ^m?/ && $elementSepRE =~ /[msixpodualn]*$ ]] && cat <<-END
            \$elementSepRE=qr$elementSepRE;
        END

        cat <<-END
            my @array=split(\$elementSepRE, q($string));

            print(\$_ . "\\n") for (@array);
        END
    } | perl
}

对于那些一眼就知道发生了什么的人来说，这一点没有任何评论；）

#!/bin/bash

# This function is a wrapper for Perl's split.\
# \
# Since we cannot return an array like in Perl,
# it takes the name of the resulting array as last
# argument.\
# \
# See https://perldoc.perl.org/functions/split for usage info
# and examples.\
# \
# If you provide a Perl regexp that contains e. g. an escaped token like \b,
# space(s) and/or capture group(s), it must be quoted, and e. g. /\b/ must
# be single-quoted.\
# Thus, it's best to generally single-quote a Perl regexp.
function split # Args: <Element separator regexp> <string> <array name>
{
    (($# != 3)) && echo "${FUNCNAME[0]}: Wrong number of arguments, returning." && return 1

    local elementSepRE=$1
    local string=$2
    local -n array=$3

    local element i=0

    local IFS=$'\n'

    while read element; do
        array[i++]=$element
    done <<<$(_perl_split)
}

function _perl_split
{
    {
        cat <<-END
            my \$elementSepRE=q($elementSepRE);
        END

        [[ $elementSepRE =~ ^m?/ && $elementSepRE =~ /[msixpodualn]*$ ]] && cat <<-END
            \$elementSepRE=qr$elementSepRE;
        END

        cat <<-END
            my @array=split(\$elementSepRE, q($string));

            print(\$_ . "\\n") for (@array);
        END
    } | perl
}