我有一个配置值的键/值对列表，我想将其存储为Java属性文件，然后进行加载和遍历。
问题:
我是否需要将文件存储在与装入它们的类相同的包中，或者它应该放置在任何特定的位置? 文件是否需要以任何特定的扩展名结束，或者。txt OK? 如何在代码中加载文件 我如何遍历里面的值?
当前回答
这里是就绪静态类
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;
public class Settings {
public static String Get(String name,String defVal){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
Properties props = new Properties();
props.load(reader);
reader.close();
return props.getProperty(name);
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
}
}
public static Integer Get(String name,Integer defVal){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
Properties props = new Properties();
props.load(reader);
reader.close();
return Integer.valueOf(props.getProperty(name));
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
}
}
public static Boolean Get(String name,Boolean defVal){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
Properties props = new Properties();
props.load(reader);
reader.close();
return Boolean.valueOf(props.getProperty(name));
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
}
}
public static void Set(String name, String value){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
Properties props = new Properties();
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
props.load(reader);
props.setProperty(name, value.toString());
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(configFile);
props.store(writer, Variables.SETTINGS_COMMENT);
writer.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
}
}
public static void Set(String name, Integer value){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
Properties props = new Properties();
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
props.load(reader);
props.setProperty(name, value.toString());
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(configFile);
props.store(writer,Variables.SETTINGS_COMMENT);
writer.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
}
}
public static void Set(String name, Boolean value){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
Properties props = new Properties();
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
props.load(reader);
props.setProperty(name, value.toString());
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(configFile);
props.store(writer,Variables.SETTINGS_COMMENT);
writer.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
}
}
}
以下示例:
Settings.Set("valueName1","value");
String val1=Settings.Get("valueName1","value");
Settings.Set("valueName2",true);
Boolean val2=Settings.Get("valueName2",true);
Settings.Set("valueName3",100);
Integer val3=Settings.Get("valueName3",100);
其他回答
在顺序:
您可以将文件存储在几乎任何地方。 不需要延期。 Montecristo已经说明了如何加载这个。这应该没问题。 propertyNames()提供了一个用于迭代的枚举。
默认情况下，Java在应用程序的工作目录中打开它(这种行为实际上取决于所使用的操作系统)。要加载一个文件，请执行:
Properties props = new java.util.Properties();
FileInputStream fis new FileInputStream("myfile.txt");
props.load(fis)
因此，任何文件扩展名都可以用于属性文件。此外，文件也可以存储在任何地方，只要您可以使用FileInputStream。
需要注意的是，如果使用现代框架，该框架可能提供打开属性文件的其他方法。例如，Spring提供了一个ClassPathResource来从JAR文件中使用包名加载属性文件。
至于遍历属性，一旦加载了属性，它们就存储在java.util.Properties对象中，该对象提供了propertyNames()方法。
这里是就绪静态类
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;
public class Settings {
public static String Get(String name,String defVal){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
Properties props = new Properties();
props.load(reader);
reader.close();
return props.getProperty(name);
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
}
}
public static Integer Get(String name,Integer defVal){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
Properties props = new Properties();
props.load(reader);
reader.close();
return Integer.valueOf(props.getProperty(name));
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
}
}
public static Boolean Get(String name,Boolean defVal){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
Properties props = new Properties();
props.load(reader);
reader.close();
return Boolean.valueOf(props.getProperty(name));
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
return defVal;
}
}
public static void Set(String name, String value){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
Properties props = new Properties();
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
props.load(reader);
props.setProperty(name, value.toString());
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(configFile);
props.store(writer, Variables.SETTINGS_COMMENT);
writer.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
}
}
public static void Set(String name, Integer value){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
Properties props = new Properties();
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
props.load(reader);
props.setProperty(name, value.toString());
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(configFile);
props.store(writer,Variables.SETTINGS_COMMENT);
writer.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
}
}
public static void Set(String name, Boolean value){
File configFile = new File(Variables.SETTINGS_FILE);
try {
Properties props = new Properties();
FileReader reader = new FileReader(configFile);
props.load(reader);
props.setProperty(name, value.toString());
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(configFile);
props.store(writer,Variables.SETTINGS_COMMENT);
writer.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
// file does not exist
logger.error(ex);
} catch (IOException ex) {
// I/O error
logger.error(ex);
} catch (Exception ex){
logger.error(ex);
}
}
}
以下示例:
Settings.Set("valueName1","value");
String val1=Settings.Get("valueName1","value");
Settings.Set("valueName2",true);
Boolean val2=Settings.Get("valueName2",true);
Settings.Set("valueName3",100);
Integer val3=Settings.Get("valueName3",100);
1)在类路径中有你的属性文件是很好的，但你可以把它放在项目的任何地方。
下面是如何从类路径加载属性文件并读取所有属性。
Properties prop = new Properties();
InputStream input = null;
try {
String filename = "path to property file";
input = getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(filename);
if (input == null) {
System.out.println("Sorry, unable to find " + filename);
return;
}
prop.load(input);
Enumeration<?> e = prop.propertyNames();
while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
String key = (String) e.nextElement();
String value = prop.getProperty(key);
System.out.println("Key : " + key + ", Value : " + value);
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (input != null) {
try {
input.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
2)属性文件的扩展名为.properties
您可以通过以下方式加载属性文件:
InputStream is = new Test().getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("app.properties");
Properties props = new Properties();
props.load(is);
然后你可以使用lambda表达式遍历映射，比如:
props.stringPropertyNames().forEach(key -> {
System.out.println("Key is :"+key + " and Value is :"+props.getProperty(key));
});
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