对于整数和Python 3:

def divround_down(value, step):
    return value//step*step


def divround_up(value, step):
    return (value+step-1)//step*step

生产:

>>> [divround_down(x,5) for x in range(20)]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15]
>>> [divround_up(x,5) for x in range(20)]
[0, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 20, 20, 20, 20]

的值加上0.5，可以“欺骗”int()使其舍入而不是舍入 传递给int()的数字。

对不起，我想对阿洛克辛格海的回答发表评论，但由于缺乏声誉，它不让我评论=/

总之，我们可以再归纳一步:

def myround(x, base=5):
    return base * round(float(x) / base)

这允许我们使用非整数进制，如。25或任何其他分数进制。

下一个5的倍数

考虑51需要转换为55:

code here

mark = 51;
r = 100 - mark;
a = r%5;
new_mark = mark + a;

对于整数和Python 3:

def divround_down(value, step):
    return value//step*step


def divround_up(value, step):
    return (value+step-1)//step*step

生产:

>>> [divround_down(x,5) for x in range(20)]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15]
>>> [divround_up(x,5) for x in range(20)]
[0, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 20, 20, 20, 20]

舍入到非整数值，例如0.05:

def myround(x, prec=2, base=.05):
  return round(base * round(float(x)/base),prec)

我发现这很有用，因为我只需要在代码中进行搜索和替换，就可以将“round(”更改为“myround(”，而不必更改参数值。