我使用的解决方案可以在1毫秒内插入8000条记录

curtime = datetime.datetime.now()
postData = dict()
postData["title"] = "This is Title Text"
postData["body"] = "This a Body Text it Can be Long Text"
postData['created_at'] = curtime.isoformat()
postData['updated_at'] = curtime.isoformat()
data = []
for x in range(8000):
    data.append(((postData)))
vals = []
for d in postData:
    vals.append(tuple(d.values())) #Here we extract the Values from the Dict
flds = ",".join(map(str, postData[0]))
tableFlds =  ",".join(map(str, vals))
sqlStr = f"INSERT INTO posts ({flds}) VALUES {tableFlds}"
db.execute(sqlStr)
connection.commit()
rowsAffected = db.rowcount
print(f'{rowsAffected} Rows Affected')

使用aiopg -下面的代码段工作得非常好

    # items = [10, 11, 12, 13]
    # group = 1
    tup = [(gid, pid) for pid in items]
    args_str = ",".join([str(s) for s in tup])
    # insert into group values (1, 10), (1, 11), (1, 12), (1, 13)
    yield from cur.execute("INSERT INTO group VALUES " + args_str)

如果你想在一个insert语句中插入多行(假设你没有使用ORM)，到目前为止对我来说最简单的方法是使用字典列表。这里有一个例子:

 t = [{'id':1, 'start_date': '2015-07-19 00:00:00', 'end_date': '2015-07-20 00:00:00', 'campaignid': 6},
      {'id':2, 'start_date': '2015-07-19 00:00:00', 'end_date': '2015-07-20 00:00:00', 'campaignid': 7},
      {'id':3, 'start_date': '2015-07-19 00:00:00', 'end_date': '2015-07-20 00:00:00', 'campaignid': 8}]

conn.execute("insert into campaign_dates
             (id, start_date, end_date, campaignid) 
              values (%(id)s, %(start_date)s, %(end_date)s, %(campaignid)s);",
             t)

正如你所看到的，只会执行一个查询:

INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine insert into campaign_dates (id, start_date, end_date, campaignid) values (%(id)s, %(start_date)s, %(end_date)s, %(campaignid)s);
INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine [{'campaignid': 6, 'id': 1, 'end_date': '2015-07-20 00:00:00', 'start_date': '2015-07-19 00:00:00'}, {'campaignid': 7, 'id': 2, 'end_date': '2015-07-20 00:00:00', 'start_date': '2015-07-19 00:00:00'}, {'campaignid': 8, 'id': 3, 'end_date': '2015-07-20 00:00:00', 'start_date': '2015-07-19 00:00:00'}]
INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine COMMIT

我使用的解决方案可以在1毫秒内插入8000条记录

curtime = datetime.datetime.now()
postData = dict()
postData["title"] = "This is Title Text"
postData["body"] = "This a Body Text it Can be Long Text"
postData['created_at'] = curtime.isoformat()
postData['updated_at'] = curtime.isoformat()
data = []
for x in range(8000):
    data.append(((postData)))
vals = []
for d in postData:
    vals.append(tuple(d.values())) #Here we extract the Values from the Dict
flds = ",".join(map(str, postData[0]))
tableFlds =  ",".join(map(str, vals))
sqlStr = f"INSERT INTO posts ({flds}) VALUES {tableFlds}"
db.execute(sqlStr)
connection.commit()
rowsAffected = db.rowcount
print(f'{rowsAffected} Rows Affected')

安全漏洞

截至2022-11-16，@Clodoaldo Neto (Psycopg 2.6)， @Joseph Sheedy， @J。J， @Bart Jonk， @kevo Njoki， @TKoutny和@Nihal Sharma包含SQL注入漏洞，不应使用。

目前为止最快的建议(copy_from)也不应该使用，因为它很难正确地转义数据。当尝试插入'，"，\n， \， \t或\n这样的字符时，这很容易看出。

psycopg2的作者也建议不要使用copy_from:

Copy_from()和copy_to()实际上只是古老且不完整的方法

最快的方法

最快的方法是游标。copy_expert，它可以直接从CSV文件插入数据。

with open("mydata.csv") as f:
    cursor.copy_expert("COPY mytable (my_id, a, b) FROM STDIN WITH csv", f)

copy_expert也是动态生成CSV文件时最快的方法。作为参考，请参阅下面的CSVFile类，该类注意限制内存使用。

import io, csv

class CSVFile(io.TextIOBase):
    # Create a CSV file from rows. Can only be read once.
    def __init__(self, rows, size=8192):
        self.row_iter = iter(rows)
        self.buf = io.StringIO()
        self.available = 0
        self.size = size

    def read(self, n):
        # Buffer new CSV rows until enough data is available
        buf = self.buf
        writer = csv.writer(buf)
        while self.available < n:
            try:
                row_length = writer.writerow(next(self.row_iter))
                self.available += row_length
                self.size = max(self.size, row_length)
            except StopIteration:
                break

        # Read requested amount of data from buffer
        write_pos = buf.tell()
        read_pos = write_pos - self.available
        buf.seek(read_pos)
        data = buf.read(n)
        self.available -= len(data)

        # Shrink buffer if it grew very large
        if read_pos > 2 * self.size:
            remaining = buf.read()
            buf.seek(0)
            buf.write(remaining)
            buf.truncate()
        else:
            buf.seek(write_pos)

        return data

这个类可以这样使用:

rows = [(1, "a", "b"), (2, "c", "d")]
cursor.copy_expert("COPY mytable (my_id, a, b) FROM STDIN WITH csv", CSVFile(rows))

如果所有数据都适合内存，您也可以直接生成整个CSV数据，而不需要使用CSVFile类，但是如果您不知道将来要插入多少数据，则可能不应该这样做。

f = io.StringIO()
writer = csv.writer(f)
for row in rows:
    writer.writerow(row)
f.seek(0)
cursor.copy_expert("COPY mytable (my_id, a, b) FROM STDIN WITH csv", f)

基准测试结果

914毫秒——多次调用cursor.execute 846毫秒——cursor.executemany 362毫秒- psycopg2.extras.execute_batch 346毫秒——execute_batch with page_size=1000 265毫秒——execute_batch带有预处理语句 161毫秒- psycopg2.extras.execute_values 127毫秒——游标。使用字符串连接的值执行 39毫秒- copy_expert一次生成整个CSV文件 32毫秒- copy_expert with CSVFile

Psycopg 2.7新增execute_values方法:

data = [(1,'x'), (2,'y')]
insert_query = 'insert into t (a, b) values %s'
psycopg2.extras.execute_values (
    cursor, insert_query, data, template=None, page_size=100
)

在Psycopg 2.6中，python的方法是:

data = [(1,'x'), (2,'y')]
records_list_template = ','.join(['%s'] * len(data))
insert_query = 'insert into t (a, b) values {}'.format(records_list_template)
cursor.execute(insert_query, data)

解释:如果要插入的数据像in一样以元组列表的形式给出

data = [(1,'x'), (2,'y')]

那么它已经是精确要求的格式

插入子句的值语法需要一个记录列表，如 插入t (a, b)值(1，'x')，(2， 'y') Psycopg使Python元组适应Postgresql记录。

惟一必要的工作是提供一个由psycopg填写的记录列表模板

# We use the data list to be sure of the template length
records_list_template = ','.join(['%s'] * len(data))

并将其放在插入查询中

insert_query = 'insert into t (a, b) values {}'.format(records_list_template)

打印insert_query输出

insert into t (a, b) values %s,%s

现在是常见的Psycopg参数替换

cursor.execute(insert_query, data)

或者只是测试将发送到服务器的内容

print (cursor.mogrify(insert_query, data).decode('utf8'))

输出:

insert into t (a, b) values (1, 'x'),(2, 'y')