prepareForSegue方法有效，但它依赖于segue标识符魔术字符串。也许有更好的办法。

如果你知道你要找的VC的类，你可以用一个计算属性很好地做到这一点:

var camperVan: CamperVanViewController? {
  return childViewControllers.flatMap({ $0 as? CamperVanViewController }).first
  // This works because `flatMap` removes nils
}

这依赖于childViewControllers。虽然我同意依赖第一个类可能很脆弱，但命名您所寻找的类会使这个类看起来相当可靠。

如果有人正在寻找Swift 3.0，

viewController1, viewController2等等都是可访问的。

let viewController1 : OneViewController!
let viewController2 : TwoViewController!

// Safety handling of optional String
if let identifier: String = segue.identifier {

    switch identifier {

    case "segueName1":
        viewController1 = segue.destination as! OneViewController
        break

    case "segueName2":
        viewController2 = segue.destination as! TwoViewController
        break

    // ... More cases can be inserted here ...

    default:
        // A new segue is added in the storyboard but not yet including in this switch
        print("A case missing for segue identifier: \(identifier)")
        break
    }

} else {
    // Either the segue or the identifier is inaccessible 
    print("WARNING: identifier in segue is not accessible")
}

使用generic，你可以做一些甜蜜的事情。下面是Array的扩展:

extension Array {
    func firstMatchingType<Type>() -> Type? {
        return first(where: { $0 is Type }) as? Type
    }
}

你可以在你的viewController中这样做:

var viewControllerInContainer: YourViewControllerClass? {
    return childViewControllers.firstMatchingType()!
}

在视图控制器的类型上使用Swift的switch语句还有另一种方法:

override func prepare(for segue: UIStoryboardSegue, sender: Any?)
{
  switch segue.destination
  {
    case let aViewController as AViewController:
      self.aViewController = aViewController
    case let bViewController as BViewController:
      self.bViewController = bViewController
    default:
      return
  }
}

我像这样使用代码:

- (IBAction)showCartItems:(id)sender{ 
  ListOfCartItemsViewController *listOfItemsVC=[self.storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"ListOfCartItemsViewController"];
  [self addChildViewController:listOfItemsVC];
 }

Swift 3的更新答案，使用计算属性:

var jobSummaryViewController: JobSummaryViewController {
    get {
        let ctrl = childViewControllers.first(where: { $0 is JobSummaryViewController })
        return ctrl as! JobSummaryViewController
    }
}

这只迭代子列表，直到它到达第一个匹配。