什么是最有效的方式来克隆一个JavaScript对象?我已经看到obj = eval(uneval(o));被使用,但它是非标准的,仅支持Firefox.我做了事情,如obj = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(o));但质疑效率。
当前回答
以下是 ConroyP 上面的答案的版本,即使制造商需要参数:
//If Object.create isn't already defined, we just do the simple shim,
//without the second argument, since that's all we need here
var object_create = Object.create;
if (typeof object_create !== 'function') {
object_create = function(o) {
function F() {}
F.prototype = o;
return new F();
};
}
function deepCopy(obj) {
if(obj == null || typeof(obj) !== 'object'){
return obj;
}
//make sure the returned object has the same prototype as the original
var ret = object_create(obj.constructor.prototype);
for(var key in obj){
ret[key] = deepCopy(obj[key]);
}
return ret;
}
此功能也在我的 simpleoo 图书馆中可用。
编辑:
下面是一个更坚实的版本(感谢Justin McCandless,现在支持自行车参考):
/**
* Deep copy an object (make copies of all its object properties, sub-properties, etc.)
* An improved version of http://keithdevens.com/weblog/archive/2007/Jun/07/javascript.clone
* that doesn't break if the constructor has required parameters
*
* It also borrows some code from http://stackoverflow.com/a/11621004/560114
*/
function deepCopy(src, /* INTERNAL */ _visited, _copiesVisited) {
if(src === null || typeof(src) !== 'object'){
return src;
}
//Honor native/custom clone methods
if(typeof src.clone == 'function'){
return src.clone(true);
}
//Special cases:
//Date
if(src instanceof Date){
return new Date(src.getTime());
}
//RegExp
if(src instanceof RegExp){
return new RegExp(src);
}
//DOM Element
if(src.nodeType && typeof src.cloneNode == 'function'){
return src.cloneNode(true);
}
// Initialize the visited objects arrays if needed.
// This is used to detect cyclic references.
if (_visited === undefined){
_visited = [];
_copiesVisited = [];
}
// Check if this object has already been visited
var i, len = _visited.length;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
// If so, get the copy we already made
if (src === _visited[i]) {
return _copiesVisited[i];
}
}
//Array
if (Object.prototype.toString.call(src) == '[object Array]') {
//[].slice() by itself would soft clone
var ret = src.slice();
//add it to the visited array
_visited.push(src);
_copiesVisited.push(ret);
var i = ret.length;
while (i--) {
ret[i] = deepCopy(ret[i], _visited, _copiesVisited);
}
return ret;
}
//If we've reached here, we have a regular object
//make sure the returned object has the same prototype as the original
var proto = (Object.getPrototypeOf ? Object.getPrototypeOf(src): src.__proto__);
if (!proto) {
proto = src.constructor.prototype; //this line would probably only be reached by very old browsers
}
var dest = object_create(proto);
//add this object to the visited array
_visited.push(src);
_copiesVisited.push(dest);
for (var key in src) {
//Note: this does NOT preserve ES5 property attributes like 'writable', 'enumerable', etc.
//For an example of how this could be modified to do so, see the singleMixin() function
dest[key] = deepCopy(src[key], _visited, _copiesVisited);
}
return dest;
}
//If Object.create isn't already defined, we just do the simple shim,
//without the second argument, since that's all we need here
var object_create = Object.create;
if (typeof object_create !== 'function') {
object_create = function(o) {
function F() {}
F.prototype = o;
return new F();
};
}
其他回答
function clone(obj)
{ var clone = {};
clone.prototype = obj.prototype;
for (property in obj) clone[property] = obj[property];
return clone;
}
var clone = function() {
var newObj = (this instanceof Array) ? [] : {};
for (var i in this) {
if (this[i] && typeof this[i] == "object") {
newObj[i] = this[i].clone();
}
else
{
newObj[i] = this[i];
}
}
return newObj;
};
Object.defineProperty( Object.prototype, "clone", {value: clone, enumerable: false});
扩展操作器... (原始序列 - 仅) 序列(0) (原始序列 - 仅) 序列() (原始序列 - 仅) concat() (原始序列 - 仅) 定制功能,如下所示(每个序列) jQuery 的 $.extend() (每个序列) JSON.parse(JSON.stringify()) (原始和字面序列 - 仅) Underscore 的 _.clone() (原始和字面序列 - 仅) Lodash 的 _.cloneDeep() (每个序列)
let arr1a = [1, 'a', true];
let arr1b = [...arr1a];
而且在哪裡 slice() 比 concat( 有更好的性能: https://jsbench.me/x5ktn7o94d/
let arr1c = arr1a.splice(0);
let arr1d = arr1a.slice();
let arr1e = arr1a.concat();
let arr2a = [1, 'a', true, {}, []];
let arr2b = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(arr2a));
let arr3a = [1, 'a', true, {}, [], new Object()];
function copy(aObject) {
// Prevent undefined objects
// if (!aObject) return aObject;
let bObject = Array.isArray(aObject) ? [] : {};
let value;
for (const key in aObject) {
// Prevent self-references to parent object
// if (Object.is(aObject[key], aObject)) continue;
value = aObject[key];
bObject[key] = (typeof value === "object") ? copy(value) : value;
}
return bObject;
}
let arr3b = copy(arr3a);
或使用第三方实用功能:
let arr3c = $.extend(true, [], arr3a); // jQuery Extend
let arr3d = _.cloneDeep(arr3a); // Lodash
注意: jQuery 的 $.extend 也比 JSON.parse(JSON.stringify() 表现更好):
代码:
// extends 'from' object with members from 'to'. If 'to' is null, a deep clone of 'from' is returned
function extend(from, to)
{
if (from == null || typeof from != "object") return from;
if (from.constructor != Object && from.constructor != Array) return from;
if (from.constructor == Date || from.constructor == RegExp || from.constructor == Function ||
from.constructor == String || from.constructor == Number || from.constructor == Boolean)
return new from.constructor(from);
to = to || new from.constructor();
for (var name in from)
{
to[name] = typeof to[name] == "undefined" ? extend(from[name], null) : to[name];
}
return to;
}
测试:
var obj =
{
date: new Date(),
func: function(q) { return 1 + q; },
num: 123,
text: "asdasd",
array: [1, "asd"],
regex: new RegExp(/aaa/i),
subobj:
{
num: 234,
text: "asdsaD"
}
}
var clone = extend(obj);
这是我正在使用的:
function cloneObject(obj) {
var clone = {};
for(var i in obj) {
if(typeof(obj[i])=="object" && obj[i] != null)
clone[i] = cloneObject(obj[i]);
else
clone[i] = obj[i];
}
return clone;
}