A Recursive Deep Clone 比 JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj)) 提到的更快。

Jsperf 在这里排名第一: https://jsperf.com/deep-copy-vs-json-stringify-json-parse/5 Jsben 从上面的答案更新显示,一个重复的深度克隆打击所有其他提到的: http://jsben.ch/13YKQ

下面是快速参考的功能:

function cloneDeep (o) {
  let newO
  let i

  if (typeof o !== 'object') return o

  if (!o) return o

  if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(o) === '[object Array]') {
    newO = []
    for (i = 0; i < o.length; i += 1) {
      newO[i] = cloneDeep(o[i])
    }
    return newO
  }

  newO = {}
  for (i in o) {
    if (o.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
      newO[i] = cloneDeep(o[i])
    }
  }
  return newO
}

如果沒有任何內建一個,你可以嘗試:

function clone(obj) {
    if (obj === null || typeof (obj) !== 'object' || 'isActiveClone' in obj)
        return obj;

    if (obj instanceof Date)
        var temp = new obj.constructor(); //or new Date(obj);
    else
        var temp = obj.constructor();

    for (var key in obj) {
        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
            obj['isActiveClone'] = null;
            temp[key] = clone(obj[key]);
            delete obj['isActiveClone'];
        }
    }
    return temp;
}

由于这个问题有很多注意力和答案,参考内置的功能,如 Object.assign 或自定义代码到深克隆,我想分享一些图书馆到深克隆,

1、斯克隆

npm 安装 --savedev esclone https://www.npmjs.com/package/esclone

在 ES6 中使用例子:

import esclone from "esclone";

const rockysGrandFather = {
  name: "Rockys grand father",
  father: "Don't know :("
};
const rockysFather = {
  name: "Rockys Father",
  father: rockysGrandFather
};

const rocky = {
  name: "Rocky",
  father: rockysFather
};

const rockyClone = esclone(rocky);

在 ES5 中使用例子:

var esclone = require("esclone")
var foo = new String("abcd")
var fooClone = esclone.default(foo)
console.log(fooClone)
console.log(foo === fooClone)

二、深度复制

npm 安装深复制 https://www.npmjs.com/package/deep-copy

例子:

var dcopy = require('deep-copy')

// deep copy object 
var copy = dcopy({a: {b: [{c: 5}]}})

// deep copy array 
var copy = dcopy([1, 2, {a: {b: 5}}])

3、克隆深度

$ npm 安装 --save clone-deep https://www.npmjs.com/package/clone-deep

例子:

var cloneDeep = require('clone-deep');

var obj = {a: 'b'};
var arr = [obj];

var copy = cloneDeep(arr);
obj.c = 'd';

console.log(copy);
//=> [{a: 'b'}] 

console.log(arr);

这通常不是最有效的解决方案,但它是我需要的。

function clone(obj, clones) {
    // Makes a deep copy of 'obj'. Handles cyclic structures by
    // tracking cloned obj's in the 'clones' parameter. Functions 
    // are included, but not cloned. Functions members are cloned.
    var new_obj,
        already_cloned,
        t = typeof obj,
        i = 0,
        l,
        pair; 

    clones = clones || [];

    if (obj === null) {
        return obj;
    }

    if (t === "object" || t === "function") {

        // check to see if we've already cloned obj
        for (i = 0, l = clones.length; i < l; i++) {
            pair = clones[i];
            if (pair[0] === obj) {
                already_cloned = pair[1];
                break;
            }
        }

        if (already_cloned) {
            return already_cloned; 
        } else {
            if (t === "object") { // create new object
                new_obj = new obj.constructor();
            } else { // Just use functions as is
                new_obj = obj;
            }

            clones.push([obj, new_obj]); // keep track of objects we've cloned

            for (key in obj) { // clone object members
                if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                    new_obj[key] = clone(obj[key], clones);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return new_obj || obj;
}

自行车测试...

a = []
a.push("b", "c", a)
aa = clone(a)
aa === a //=> false
aa[2] === a //=> false
aa[2] === a[2] //=> false
aa[2] === aa //=> true

功能测试...

f = new Function
f.a = a
ff = clone(f)
ff === f //=> true
ff.a === a //=> false

如何在一行代码中克隆(而不是深克隆)对象

Object.assign 方法是 ECMAScript 2015 (ES6) 标准的一部分,并且正是您所需要的。

var clone = Object.assign({}, obj);

使用 Object.assign() 方法将所有可列的属性从一个或多个源对象的值复制到目标对象。

阅读更多...

支持老年浏览器的多元化:

if (!Object.assign) {
  Object.defineProperty(Object, 'assign', {
    enumerable: false,
    configurable: true,
    writable: true,
    value: function(target) {
      'use strict';
      if (target === undefined || target === null) {
        throw new TypeError('Cannot convert first argument to object');
      }

      var to = Object(target);
      for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
        var nextSource = arguments[i];
        if (nextSource === undefined || nextSource === null) {
          continue;
        }
        nextSource = Object(nextSource);

        var keysArray = Object.keys(nextSource);
        for (var nextIndex = 0, len = keysArray.length; nextIndex < len; nextIndex++) {
          var nextKey = keysArray[nextIndex];
          var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(nextSource, nextKey);
          if (desc !== undefined && desc.enumerable) {
            to[nextKey] = nextSource[nextKey];
          }
        }
      }
      return to;
    }
  });
}

以下是 ConroyP 上面的答案的版本,即使制造商需要参数:

//If Object.create isn't already defined, we just do the simple shim,
//without the second argument, since that's all we need here
var object_create = Object.create;
if (typeof object_create !== 'function') {
    object_create = function(o) {
        function F() {}
        F.prototype = o;
        return new F();
    };
}

function deepCopy(obj) {
    if(obj == null || typeof(obj) !== 'object'){
        return obj;
    }
    //make sure the returned object has the same prototype as the original
    var ret = object_create(obj.constructor.prototype);
    for(var key in obj){
        ret[key] = deepCopy(obj[key]);
    }
    return ret;
}

此功能也在我的 simpleoo 图书馆中可用。

编辑:

下面是一个更坚实的版本(感谢Justin McCandless,现在支持自行车参考):

/**
 * Deep copy an object (make copies of all its object properties, sub-properties, etc.)
 * An improved version of http://keithdevens.com/weblog/archive/2007/Jun/07/javascript.clone
 * that doesn't break if the constructor has required parameters
 * 
 * It also borrows some code from http://stackoverflow.com/a/11621004/560114
 */ 
function deepCopy(src, /* INTERNAL */ _visited, _copiesVisited) {
    if(src === null || typeof(src) !== 'object'){
        return src;
    }

    //Honor native/custom clone methods
    if(typeof src.clone == 'function'){
        return src.clone(true);
    }

    //Special cases:
    //Date
    if(src instanceof Date){
        return new Date(src.getTime());
    }
    //RegExp
    if(src instanceof RegExp){
        return new RegExp(src);
    }
    //DOM Element
    if(src.nodeType && typeof src.cloneNode == 'function'){
        return src.cloneNode(true);
    }

    // Initialize the visited objects arrays if needed.
    // This is used to detect cyclic references.
    if (_visited === undefined){
        _visited = [];
        _copiesVisited = [];
    }

    // Check if this object has already been visited
    var i, len = _visited.length;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        // If so, get the copy we already made
        if (src === _visited[i]) {
            return _copiesVisited[i];
        }
    }

    //Array
    if (Object.prototype.toString.call(src) == '[object Array]') {
        //[].slice() by itself would soft clone
        var ret = src.slice();

        //add it to the visited array
        _visited.push(src);
        _copiesVisited.push(ret);

        var i = ret.length;
        while (i--) {
            ret[i] = deepCopy(ret[i], _visited, _copiesVisited);
        }
        return ret;
    }

    //If we've reached here, we have a regular object

    //make sure the returned object has the same prototype as the original
    var proto = (Object.getPrototypeOf ? Object.getPrototypeOf(src): src.__proto__);
    if (!proto) {
        proto = src.constructor.prototype; //this line would probably only be reached by very old browsers 
    }
    var dest = object_create(proto);

    //add this object to the visited array
    _visited.push(src);
    _copiesVisited.push(dest);

    for (var key in src) {
        //Note: this does NOT preserve ES5 property attributes like 'writable', 'enumerable', etc.
        //For an example of how this could be modified to do so, see the singleMixin() function
        dest[key] = deepCopy(src[key], _visited, _copiesVisited);
    }
    return dest;
}

//If Object.create isn't already defined, we just do the simple shim,
//without the second argument, since that's all we need here
var object_create = Object.create;
if (typeof object_create !== 'function') {
    object_create = function(o) {
        function F() {}
        F.prototype = o;
        return new F();
    };
}