您可以尝试以下库: http://code.google.com/p/android-screenshot-library/ Android截图库(ASL)允许以编程方式从Android设备捕获屏幕截图，而不需要具有root访问权限。相反，ASL利用了在后台运行的本地服务，每次设备启动时通过Android调试桥(ADB)启动。

如果你想捕捉一个视图的截图，使用View::drawToBitmap扩展函数:

val bitmap = myTargetView.drawToBitmap(/*Optional:*/ Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)

只需要确保使用-ktx版本的AndroidX核心库:

implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.6.0")

我已经回答过一个类似的问题。

Mualig的回答很好，但我遇到了Ewoks描述的同样的问题，我没有得到背景。所以有时已经足够好了，有时我得到黑色背景上的黑色文本(取决于主题)。

这个解决方案主要基于Mualig代码和我在Robotium中找到的代码。通过直接调用draw方法，我放弃了绘图缓存的使用。在此之前，我将尝试从当前活动中首先绘制背景。

// Some constants
final static String SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/screenshots/";

// Get device dimmensions
Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
Point size = new Point();
display.getSize(size);

// Get root view
View view = mCurrentUrlMask.getRootView();

// Create the bitmap to use to draw the screenshot
final Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(size.x, size.y, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444);
final Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

// Get current theme to know which background to use
final Activity activity = getCurrentActivity();
final Theme theme = activity.getTheme();
final TypedArray ta = theme
    .obtainStyledAttributes(new int[] { android.R.attr.windowBackground });
final int res = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
final Drawable background = activity.getResources().getDrawable(res);

// Draw background
background.draw(canvas);

// Draw views
view.draw(canvas);

// Save the screenshot to the file system
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
    final File sddir = new File(SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS);
    if (!sddir.exists()) {
        sddir.mkdirs();
    }
    fos = new FileOutputStream(SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS
            + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
    if (fos != null) {
        if (!bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, fos)) {
            Log.d(LOGTAG, "Compress/Write failed");
        }
        fos.flush();
        fos.close();
    }

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
}

我的解决方案是:

public static Bitmap loadBitmapFromView(Context context, View v) {
    DisplayMetrics dm = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); 
    v.measure(MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(dm.widthPixels, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY),
            MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(dm.heightPixels, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY));
    v.layout(0, 0, v.getMeasuredWidth(), v.getMeasuredHeight());
    Bitmap returnedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getMeasuredWidth(),
            v.getMeasuredHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas c = new Canvas(returnedBitmap);
    v.draw(c);

    return returnedBitmap;
}

and

public void takeScreen() {
    Bitmap bitmap = ImageUtils.loadBitmapFromView(this, view); //get Bitmap from the view
    String mPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "screen_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpeg";
    File imageFile = new File(mPath);
    OutputStream fout = null;
    try {
        fout = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);
        bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, fout);
        fout.flush();
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        fout.close();
    }
}

图像保存在外部存储文件夹中。

我已经创建了一个简单的库，从一个视图截图，要么给你一个位图对象，要么直接保存到任何你想要的路径

https://github.com/abdallahalaraby/Blink

private void captureScreen() {
    View v = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
    v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
    Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getDrawingCache());
    v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
    try {
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(Environment
                .getExternalStorageDirectory().toString(), "SCREEN"
                + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png"));
        bmp.compress(CompressFormat.PNG, 100, fos);
        fos.flush();
        fos.close();
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

在清单中添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

对于支持棉花糖或以上版本，请在onCreate方法中添加以下代码

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},00);