是否有一种方法可以使用Java SE API在Java中创建一个非常基本的HTTP服务器(只支持GET/POST),而不需要编写代码手动解析HTTP请求和手动格式化HTTP响应?Java SE API在HttpURLConnection中很好地封装了HTTP客户机功能,但是是否有类似的HTTP服务器功能呢?

需要明确的是,我在网上看到的许多ServerSocket示例的问题是,它们自己进行请求解析/响应格式化和错误处理,这很乏味,容易出错,而且不太全面,出于这些原因,我试图避免使用它。


当前回答

httpserver解决方案不能跨jre移植。最好使用javax.xml.ws中的官方webservices API来引导一个最小的HTTP服务器…

import java.io._
import javax.xml.ws._
import javax.xml.ws.http._
import javax.xml.transform._
import javax.xml.transform.stream._

@WebServiceProvider
@ServiceMode(value=Service.Mode.PAYLOAD) 
class P extends Provider[Source] {
  def invoke(source: Source) = new StreamSource( new StringReader("<p>Hello There!</p>"));
}

val address = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/"
Endpoint.create(HTTPBinding.HTTP_BINDING, new P()).publish(address)

println("Service running at "+address)
println("Type [CTRL]+[C] to quit!")

Thread.sleep(Long.MaxValue)

编辑:这实际上是工作!上面的代码看起来像Groovy之类的。以下是我测试的Java翻译:

import java.io.*;
import javax.xml.ws.*;
import javax.xml.ws.http.*;
import javax.xml.transform.*;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.*;

@WebServiceProvider
@ServiceMode(value = Service.Mode.PAYLOAD)
public class Server implements Provider<Source> {

    public Source invoke(Source request) {
        return  new StreamSource(new StringReader("<p>Hello There!</p>"));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        String address = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/";
        Endpoint.create(HTTPBinding.HTTP_BINDING, new Server()).publish(address);

        System.out.println("Service running at " + address);
        System.out.println("Type [CTRL]+[C] to quit!");

        Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
    }
}

其他回答

检查拍摄。查看https://github.com/yegor256/takes获取快速信息

Spark是最简单的,这里有一个快速入门指南:http://sparkjava.com/

以上所有的回答关于单主线程请求处理器的细节。

设置:

 server.setExecutor(java.util.concurrent.Executors.newCachedThreadPool());

允许多个请求服务通过多个线程使用执行器服务。

因此,结束代码将如下所示:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(8000), 0);
        server.createContext("/test", new MyHandler());
        //Thread control is given to executor service.
        server.setExecutor(java.util.concurrent.Executors.newCachedThreadPool());
        server.start();
    }
    static class MyHandler implements HttpHandler {
        @Override
        public void handle(HttpExchange t) throws IOException {
            String response = "This is the response";
            long threadId = Thread.currentThread().getId();
            System.out.println("I am thread " + threadId );
            response = response + "Thread Id = "+threadId;
            t.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.length());
            OutputStream os = t.getResponseBody();
            os.write(response.getBytes());
            os.close();
        }
    }
}

您可以编写一个非常简单的嵌入式Jetty Java服务器。

嵌入式Jetty意味着服务器(Jetty)与应用程序一起发布,而不是将应用程序部署在外部Jetty服务器上。

因此,如果在非嵌入式方法中,你的webapp内置到WAR文件中,并部署到一些外部服务器(Tomcat / Jetty / etc),在嵌入式Jetty中,你在相同的代码库中编写webapp并实例化Jetty服务器。

一个嵌入式Jetty Java服务器的例子,你可以git克隆和使用:https://github.com/stas-slu/embedded-jetty-java-server-example

这是我简单的web服务器,在JMeter中用于测试webhook(这就是为什么它会在收到请求后关闭并结束自己)。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class HttpServer {

    private static int extractContentLength(StringBuilder sb) {
        int length = 0;
        String[] lines = sb.toString().split("\\n");
        for (int i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
            String s = lines[i];
            if (s.toLowerCase().startsWith("Content-Length:".toLowerCase()) && i <= lines.length - 2) {
                String slength = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1, s.length()).trim();
                length = Integer.parseInt(slength);
                System.out.println("Length = " + length);
                return length;
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        
        
        int port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
        System.out.println("starting HTTP Server on port " + port);

        StringBuilder outputString = new StringBuilder(1000);

        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
        serverSocket.setSoTimeout(3 * 60 * 1000); // 3 minutes timeout
        while (true) {

            outputString.setLength(0); // reset buff

            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept(); // blocking
            PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream(), true);

            try {

                boolean isBodyRead = false;
                int dataBuffer;
                while ((dataBuffer = clientSocket.getInputStream().read()) != -1) {

                    if (dataBuffer == 13) { // CR
                        if (clientSocket.getInputStream().read() == 10) { // LF
                            outputString.append("\n");
                        }
                    } else {
                        outputString.append((char) dataBuffer);
                    }
                    
                    // do we have Content length
                    int len = extractContentLength(outputString);
                    if (len > 0) {
                        int actualLength = len - 1; // we need to substract \r\n
                        for (int i = 0; i < actualLength; i++) {
                            int body = clientSocket.getInputStream().read();
                            outputString.append((char) body);
                        }
                        isBodyRead = true;
                        break;
                    }

                } // end of reading while

                if (isBodyRead) {
                    // response headers
                    out.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
                    out.println("Connection: close");
                    out.println(); // must have empty line for HTTP
                    
                    out.flush(); 
                    out.close(); // close clients connection
                }

            } catch (IOException ioEx) {
                System.out.println(ioEx.getMessage());
            }

            System.out.println(outputString.toString());
            break; // stop server - break while true
            
        } // end of outer while true
        
        serverSocket.close();

    } // end of method

}

你可以这样测试:

curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H "Connection: close" -d '{"name": "gustinmi", "email": "gustinmi at google dot com "}' -v http://localhost:8081/