BufferedReader和Scanner的区别如下:

BufferedReader已同步，但Scanner未同步。 BufferedReader是线程安全的，但Scanner不是。 BufferedReader有更大的缓冲内存，而Scanner有更小的缓冲内存。 BufferedReader执行速度更快，但Scanner执行速度较慢。 从控制台读取一行的代码:

BufferedReader:

InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
String st = br.readLine();
       
// You can make the object InputStreamReader object inside the BufferReader method.
BufferReader br = new BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(System.in));
String st = br.readLine();

// You can even inspect the type of the input stream manually by using Parse method which accepts string parameter.
int x = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());

// Or you can pass the object directly.
int x = Integer.parseInt(st);

扫描仪:

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String st = sc.nextLine();

BufferedReader has significantly larger buffer memory than Scanner. Use BufferedReader if you want to get long strings from a stream, and use Scanner if you want to parse specific type of token from a stream. Scanner can use tokenize using custom delimiter and parse the stream into primitive types of data, while BufferedReader can only read and store String. BufferedReader is synchronous while Scanner is not. Use BufferedReader if you're working with multiple threads. Scanner hides IOException while BufferedReader throws it immediately.

Scanner用于解析来自流内容的令牌，而BufferedReader只读取流，不做任何特殊的解析。

事实上，您可以将BufferedReader传递给扫描器作为要解析的字符源。

在当前最新的JDK 18发布/构建(b37)中，与BufferedReader(8192个字符)相比，Scanner的缓冲区更小(1024个字符)，但这已经足够了。

至于选择，如果你想解析文件，使用Scanner，如果你想逐行读取文件，使用BufferedReader。也请参阅前面链接的API文档的介绍文本。

解析=将给定的输入解释为标记(部分)。它可以直接返回特定的部分，如int，字符串，小数等。请参见Scanner类中的所有nextXxx()方法。 阅读=无声流媒体。它不断返回给你所有的字符，你反过来必须手动检查，如果你想匹配或组合一些有用的东西。但如果你不需要这样做，那么阅读就足够了。

主要区别:

扫描仪

简单的文本扫描器，可以解析基本类型和字符串使用正则表达式。 Scanner使用分隔符模式将其输入分解为令牌，该模式默认情况下匹配空白。然后可以使用各种next方法将生成的标记转换为不同类型的值。

例子:

 String input = "1 fish 2 fish red fish blue fish";
 Scanner s = new Scanner(input).useDelimiter("\\s*fish\\s*");
 System.out.println(s.nextInt());
 System.out.println(s.nextInt());
 System.out.println(s.next());
 System.out.println(s.next());
 s.close(); 

打印以下输出:

1
2
red
blue

这段代码可以生成相同的输出，它使用正则表达式一次解析所有四个令牌:

 String input = "1 fish 2 fish red fish blue fish";

 Scanner s = new Scanner(input);
 s.findInLine("(\\d+) fish (\\d+) fish (\\w+) fish (\\w+)");
 MatchResult result = s.match();
 for (int i = 1; i <= result.groupCount(); i++) {
     System.out.println(result.group(i));
 }
 s.close();

BufferedReader:

从字符输入流中读取文本，缓冲字符，以便有效地读取字符、数组和行。 可以指定缓冲区大小，也可以使用默认大小。默认值对于大多数目的来说足够大。

一般来说，对Reader发出的每个读请求都会导致对底层字符或字节流发出相应的读请求。因此，建议将BufferedReader包装在read()操作代价较高的Reader周围，例如filereader和inputstreamreader。例如,

BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("foo.in"));
 

将缓冲来自指定文件的输入。在没有缓冲的情况下，每次调用read()或readLine()都可能导致从文件中读取字节，将其转换为字符，然后返回，这可能非常低效。 使用DataInputStreams进行文本输入的程序可以通过用适当的BufferedReader替换每个DataInputStream进行本地化。

来源:https://docs.oracle.com

请看这个链接，下面是引用自那里的:

A BufferedReader is a simple class meant to efficiently read from the underling stream. Generally, each read request made of a Reader like a FileReader causes a corresponding read request to be made to underlying stream. Each invocation of read() or readLine() could cause bytes to be read from the file, converted into characters, and then returned, which can be very inefficient. Efficiency is improved appreciably if a Reader is warped in a BufferedReader. BufferedReader is synchronized, so read operations on a BufferedReader can safely be done from multiple threads. A scanner on the other hand has a lot more cheese built into it; it can do all that a BufferedReader can do and at the same level of efficiency as well. However, in addition a Scanner can parse the underlying stream for primitive types and strings using regular expressions. It can also tokenize the underlying stream with the delimiter of your choice. It can also do forward scanning of the underlying stream disregarding the delimiter! A scanner however is not thread safe, it has to be externally synchronized. The choice of using a BufferedReader or a Scanner depends on the code you are writing, if you are writing a simple log reader Buffered reader is adequate. However if you are writing an XML parser Scanner is the more natural choice. Even while reading the input, if want to accept user input line by line and say just add it to a file, a BufferedReader is good enough. On the other hand if you want to accept user input as a command with multiple options, and then intend to perform different operations based on the command and options specified, a Scanner will suit better.