2025-02-11 07:00:05

Java代表?

Java语言是否具有委托特性,类似于c#对委托的支持?


当前回答

不,但是它们可以通过代理和反射来伪装:

  public static class TestClass {
      public String knockKnock() {
          return "who's there?";
      }
  }

  private final TestClass testInstance = new TestClass();

  @Test public void
  can_delegate_a_single_method_interface_to_an_instance() throws Exception {
      Delegator<TestClass, Callable<String>> knockKnockDelegator = Delegator.ofMethod("knockKnock")
                                                                   .of(TestClass.class)
                                                                   .to(Callable.class);
      Callable<String> callable = knockKnockDelegator.delegateTo(testInstance);
      assertThat(callable.call(), is("who's there?"));
  }

这种习惯用法的好处在于,您可以在创建委托器时验证委托方法是否存在,并具有所需的签名(不幸的是,在编译时不存在,尽管FindBugs插件在这里可能会有所帮助),然后安全地使用它来委托给各种实例。

有关更多测试和实现,请参阅github上的karg代码。

其他回答

简短的故事:没有。

Introduction The newest version of the Microsoft Visual J++ development environment supports a language construct called delegates or bound method references. This construct, and the new keywords delegate and multicast introduced to support it, are not a part of the JavaTM programming language, which is specified by the Java Language Specification and amended by the Inner Classes Specification included in the documentation for the JDKTM 1.1 software. It is unlikely that the Java programming language will ever include this construct. Sun already carefully considered adopting it in 1996, to the extent of building and discarding working prototypes. Our conclusion was that bound method references are unnecessary and detrimental to the language. This decision was made in consultation with Borland International, who had previous experience with bound method references in Delphi Object Pascal. We believe bound method references are unnecessary because another design alternative, inner classes, provides equal or superior functionality. In particular, inner classes fully support the requirements of user-interface event handling, and have been used to implement a user-interface API at least as comprehensive as the Windows Foundation Classes. We believe bound method references are harmful because they detract from the simplicity of the Java programming language and the pervasively object-oriented character of the APIs. Bound method references also introduce irregularity into the language syntax and scoping rules. Finally, they dilute the investment in VM technologies because VMs are required to handle additional and disparate types of references and method linkage efficiently.

不,但它内部有相似的行为。

在c#中,委托用于创建一个单独的入口点,它们的工作原理很像函数指针。

在java中没有函数指针,但是在内部java需要做同样的事情来实现这些目标。

例如,在Java中创建线程需要一个类扩展Thread或实现Runnable,因为类对象变量可以用作内存位置指针。

没有,没有。

你可以通过使用反射来获得你可以调用的Method对象来达到同样的效果,另一种方法是创建一个带有单个“invoke”或“execute”方法的接口,然后实例化它们来调用你感兴趣的方法(即使用匿名内部类)。

你可能还会发现这篇文章很有趣/有用:一个Java程序员看c#委托(@blueskyprojects.com)

我知道这篇文章很旧了,但是Java 8增加了lambdas和函数接口的概念,即任何接口都只有一个方法。它们一起提供了与c#委托类似的功能。查看这里获得更多信息,或者只是谷歌Java Lambdas。 http://cr.openjdk.java.net/~briangoetz/lambda/lambda-state-final.html

不,但是它们可以通过代理和反射来伪装:

  public static class TestClass {
      public String knockKnock() {
          return "who's there?";
      }
  }

  private final TestClass testInstance = new TestClass();

  @Test public void
  can_delegate_a_single_method_interface_to_an_instance() throws Exception {
      Delegator<TestClass, Callable<String>> knockKnockDelegator = Delegator.ofMethod("knockKnock")
                                                                   .of(TestClass.class)
                                                                   .to(Callable.class);
      Callable<String> callable = knockKnockDelegator.delegateTo(testInstance);
      assertThat(callable.call(), is("who's there?"));
  }

这种习惯用法的好处在于,您可以在创建委托器时验证委托方法是否存在,并具有所需的签名(不幸的是,在编译时不存在,尽管FindBugs插件在这里可能会有所帮助),然后安全地使用它来委托给各种实例。

有关更多测试和实现,请参阅github上的karg代码。