我将一些代码放在一起,以平抑和反平抑复杂/嵌套的JavaScript对象。它可以工作,但有点慢(触发“长脚本”警告)。

对于扁平的名称,我希望用“.”作为分隔符,用[INDEX]作为数组。

例子:

un-flattened | flattened
---------------------------
{foo:{bar:false}} => {"foo.bar":false}
{a:[{b:["c","d"]}]} => {"a[0].b[0]":"c","a[0].b[1]":"d"}
[1,[2,[3,4],5],6] => {"[0]":1,"[1].[0]":2,"[1].[1].[0]":3,"[1].[1].[1]":4,"[1].[2]":5,"[2]":6}

我创建了一个基准测试,用于模拟我的用例http://jsfiddle.net/WSzec/

获得一个嵌套对象 压平它 查看它,并可能修改它,而扁平 将其平放回原始的嵌套格式,然后运走

我想要更快的代码:为了澄清,代码完成JSFiddle基准测试(http://jsfiddle.net/WSzec/)显著更快(~20%+会很好)在IE 9+, FF 24+和Chrome 29+。

以下是相关JavaScript代码:当前最快速度:http://jsfiddle.net/WSzec/6/

var unflatten = function(data) {
    "use strict";
    if (Object(data) !== data || Array.isArray(data))
        return data;
    var result = {}, cur, prop, idx, last, temp;
    for(var p in data) {
        cur = result, prop = "", last = 0;
        do {
            idx = p.indexOf(".", last);
            temp = p.substring(last, idx !== -1 ? idx : undefined);
            cur = cur[prop] || (cur[prop] = (!isNaN(parseInt(temp)) ? [] : {}));
            prop = temp;
            last = idx + 1;
        } while(idx >= 0);
        cur[prop] = data[p];
    }
    return result[""];
}
var flatten = function(data) {
    var result = {};
    function recurse (cur, prop) {
        if (Object(cur) !== cur) {
            result[prop] = cur;
        } else if (Array.isArray(cur)) {
             for(var i=0, l=cur.length; i<l; i++)
                 recurse(cur[i], prop ? prop+"."+i : ""+i);
            if (l == 0)
                result[prop] = [];
        } else {
            var isEmpty = true;
            for (var p in cur) {
                isEmpty = false;
                recurse(cur[p], prop ? prop+"."+p : p);
            }
            if (isEmpty)
                result[prop] = {};
        }
    }
    recurse(data, "");
    return result;
}

编辑1修改了上面的@Bergi的实现,这是目前最快的。顺便说一句,使用“。”用indexOf代替正则表达式。exec”在FF中快了20%左右,但在Chrome中慢了20%;所以我将坚持使用正则表达式,因为它更简单(这里是我尝试使用indexOf来取代正则表达式http://jsfiddle.net/WSzec/2/)。

在@Bergi的想法的基础上,我设法创建了一个更快的非正则表达式版本(在FF快3倍,在Chrome快10%)。http://jsfiddle.net/WSzec/6/在这个(当前)实现中,密钥名称的规则很简单,密钥不能以整数开头或包含句点。

例子:

{"foo":{"bar":[0]}} => {"foo.bar.0":0}

EDIT 3添加@AaditMShah的内联路径解析方法(而不是String.split)有助于提高unflatten性能。我对整体性能的提升非常满意。

最新版本的jsfiddle和jsperf:

http://jsfiddle.net/WSzec/14/

http://jsperf.com/flatten-un-flatten/4


当前回答

通过少量代码重构和将递归函数移到函数名称空间之外,我为所选答案增加了+/- 10-15%的效率。

请看我的问题:命名空间函数是否在每次调用时都重新求值?为什么这会降低嵌套函数的运行速度。

function _flatten (target, obj, path) {
  var i, empty;
  if (obj.constructor === Object) {
    empty = true;
    for (i in obj) {
      empty = false;
      _flatten(target, obj[i], path ? path + '.' + i : i);
    }
    if (empty && path) {
      target[path] = {};
    }
  } 
  else if (obj.constructor === Array) {
    i = obj.length;
    if (i > 0) {
      while (i--) {
        _flatten(target, obj[i], path + '[' + i + ']');
      }
    } else {
      target[path] = [];
    }
  }
  else {
    target[path] = obj;
  }
}

function flatten (data) {
  var result = {};
  _flatten(result, data, null);
  return result;
}

看到基准。

其他回答

这段代码递归地展开JSON对象。

我在代码中包含了我的计时机制,它给了我1毫秒,但我不确定这是否是最准确的。

            var new_json = [{
              "name": "fatima",
              "age": 25,
              "neighbour": {
                "name": "taqi",
                "location": "end of the street",
                "property": {
                  "built in": 1990,
                  "owned": false,
                  "years on market": [1990, 1998, 2002, 2013],
                  "year short listed": [], //means never
                }
              },
              "town": "Mountain View",
              "state": "CA"
            },
            {
              "name": "qianru",
              "age": 20,
              "neighbour": {
                "name": "joe",
                "location": "opposite to the park",
                "property": {
                  "built in": 2011,
                  "owned": true,
                  "years on market": [1996, 2011],
                  "year short listed": [], //means never
                }
              },
              "town": "Pittsburgh",
              "state": "PA"
            }]

            function flatten(json, flattened, str_key) {
                for (var key in json) {
                  if (json.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                    if (json[key] instanceof Object && json[key] != "") {
                      flatten(json[key], flattened, str_key + "." + key);
                    } else {
                      flattened[str_key + "." + key] = json[key];
                    }
                  }
                }
            }

        var flattened = {};
        console.time('flatten'); 
        flatten(new_json, flattened, "");
        console.timeEnd('flatten');

        for (var key in flattened){
          console.log(key + ": " + flattened[key]);
        }

输出:

flatten: 1ms
.0.name: fatima
.0.age: 25
.0.neighbour.name: taqi
.0.neighbour.location: end of the street
.0.neighbour.property.built in: 1990
.0.neighbour.property.owned: false
.0.neighbour.property.years on market.0: 1990
.0.neighbour.property.years on market.1: 1998
.0.neighbour.property.years on market.2: 2002
.0.neighbour.property.years on market.3: 2013
.0.neighbour.property.year short listed: 
.0.town: Mountain View
.0.state: CA
.1.name: qianru
.1.age: 20
.1.neighbour.name: joe
.1.neighbour.location: opposite to the park
.1.neighbour.property.built in: 2011
.1.neighbour.property.owned: true
.1.neighbour.property.years on market.0: 1996
.1.neighbour.property.years on market.1: 2011
.1.neighbour.property.year short listed: 
.1.town: Pittsburgh
.1.state: PA

ES6版本:

const flatten = (obj, path = '') => {        
    if (!(obj instanceof Object)) return {[path.replace(/\.$/g, '')]:obj};

    return Object.keys(obj).reduce((output, key) => {
        return obj instanceof Array ? 
             {...output, ...flatten(obj[key], path +  '[' + key + '].')}:
             {...output, ...flatten(obj[key], path + key + '.')};
    }, {});
}

例子:

console.log(flatten({a:[{b:["c","d"]}]}));
console.log(flatten([1,[2,[3,4],5],6]));

下面是我在PowerShell中整理的flatten的递归解决方案:

#---helper function for ConvertTo-JhcUtilJsonTable
#
function getNodes {
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [System.Object]
        $job,
        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
        [System.String]
        $path
    )

    $t = $job.GetType()
    $ct = 0
    $h = @{}

    if ($t.Name -eq 'PSCustomObject') {
        foreach ($m in Get-Member -InputObject $job -MemberType NoteProperty) {
            getNodes -job $job.($m.Name) -path ($path + '.' + $m.Name)
        }
        
    }
    elseif ($t.Name -eq 'Object[]') {
        foreach ($o in $job) {
            getNodes -job $o -path ($path + "[$ct]")
            $ct++
        }
    }
    else {
        $h[$path] = $job
        $h
    }
}


#---flattens a JSON document object into a key value table where keys are proper JSON paths corresponding to their value
#
function ConvertTo-JhcUtilJsonTable {
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
        [System.Object[]]
        $jsonObj
    )

    begin {
        $rootNode = 'root'    
    }
    
    process {
        foreach ($o in $jsonObj) {
            $table = getNodes -job $o -path $rootNode

            # $h = @{}
            $a = @()
            $pat = '^' + $rootNode
            
            foreach ($i in $table) {
                foreach ($k in $i.keys) {
                    # $h[$k -replace $pat, ''] = $i[$k]
                    $a += New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property @{'Key' = $($k -replace $pat, ''); 'Value' = $i[$k]}
                    # $h[$k -replace $pat, ''] = $i[$k]
                }
            }
            # $h
            $a
        }
    }

    end{}
}

例子:

'{"name": "John","Address": {"house": "1234", "Street": "Boogie Ave"}, "pets": [{"Type": "Dog", "Age": 4, "Toys": ["rubberBall", "rope"]},{"Type": "Cat", "Age": 7, "Toys": ["catNip"]}]}' | ConvertFrom-Json | ConvertTo-JhcUtilJsonTable
Key              Value
---              -----
.Address.house   1234
.Address.Street  Boogie Ave
.name            John
.pets[0].Age     4
.pets[0].Toys[0] rubberBall
.pets[0].Toys[1] rope
.pets[0].Type    Dog
.pets[1].Age     7
.pets[1].Toys[0] catNip
.pets[1].Type    Cat

下面是我更简短的实现:

Object.unflatten = function(data) {
    "use strict";
    if (Object(data) !== data || Array.isArray(data))
        return data;
    var regex = /\.?([^.\[\]]+)|\[(\d+)\]/g,
        resultholder = {};
    for (var p in data) {
        var cur = resultholder,
            prop = "",
            m;
        while (m = regex.exec(p)) {
            cur = cur[prop] || (cur[prop] = (m[2] ? [] : {}));
            prop = m[2] || m[1];
        }
        cur[prop] = data[p];
    }
    return resultholder[""] || resultholder;
};

flatten没有改变太多(我不确定你是否真的需要这些isEmpty案例):

Object.flatten = function(data) {
    var result = {};
    function recurse (cur, prop) {
        if (Object(cur) !== cur) {
            result[prop] = cur;
        } else if (Array.isArray(cur)) {
             for(var i=0, l=cur.length; i<l; i++)
                 recurse(cur[i], prop + "[" + i + "]");
            if (l == 0)
                result[prop] = [];
        } else {
            var isEmpty = true;
            for (var p in cur) {
                isEmpty = false;
                recurse(cur[p], prop ? prop+"."+p : p);
            }
            if (isEmpty && prop)
                result[prop] = {};
        }
    }
    recurse(data, "");
    return result;
}

它们一起运行你的基准测试只需要一半的时间(Opera 12.16: ~900ms而不是~ 1900ms, Chrome 29: ~800ms而不是~1600ms)。

注意:这个解决方案和这里回答的大多数其他解决方案侧重于速度,容易受到原型污染,不应该用于不可信的对象。

通过少量代码重构和将递归函数移到函数名称空间之外,我为所选答案增加了+/- 10-15%的效率。

请看我的问题:命名空间函数是否在每次调用时都重新求值?为什么这会降低嵌套函数的运行速度。

function _flatten (target, obj, path) {
  var i, empty;
  if (obj.constructor === Object) {
    empty = true;
    for (i in obj) {
      empty = false;
      _flatten(target, obj[i], path ? path + '.' + i : i);
    }
    if (empty && path) {
      target[path] = {};
    }
  } 
  else if (obj.constructor === Array) {
    i = obj.length;
    if (i > 0) {
      while (i--) {
        _flatten(target, obj[i], path + '[' + i + ']');
      }
    } else {
      target[path] = [];
    }
  }
  else {
    target[path] = obj;
  }
}

function flatten (data) {
  var result = {};
  _flatten(result, data, null);
  return result;
}

看到基准。