<context:component-scan base-package="package name" />:

这用于告诉容器在我的包中有bean类，扫描这些bean类。为了在bean的顶部通过容器扫描bean类，我们必须像下面这样编写一个立体类型注释。

@组件，@服务，@存储库，@控制器

<上下文:annotation-config / >:

如果我们不想显式地用XML写bean标签，那么容器如何知道bean中是否有自动连接。这可以通过使用@Autowired注释实现。我们必须通过上下文:annotation-config通知容器，在我的bean中有自动连接。

<context:component-scan base-package="package name" />:

这用于告诉容器在我的包中有bean类，扫描这些bean类。为了在bean的顶部通过容器扫描bean类，我们必须像下面这样编写一个立体类型注释。

@组件，@服务，@存储库，@控制器

<上下文:annotation-config / >:

如果我们不想显式地用XML写bean标签，那么容器如何知道bean中是否有自动连接。这可以通过使用@Autowired注释实现。我们必须通过上下文:annotation-config通知容器，在我的bean中有自动连接。

Spring允许您做两件事:

自动装配bean 自动发现bean

1. Autowiring Usually in applicationContext.xml you define beans and other beans are wired using constructor or setter methods. You can wire beans using XML or annotations. In case you use annotations, you need to activate annotations and you have to add <context:annotation-config /> in applicationContext.xml. This will simplify the structure of the tag from applicationContext.xml, because you will not have to manually wire beans (constructor or setter). You can use @Autowire annotation and the beans will be wired by type.

避免手动XML配置的一个步骤是

2. Autodiscovery Autodiscovery is simplifying the XML one step further, in the sense that you don't even need too add the <bean> tag in applicationContext.xml. You just mark the specific beans with one of the following annotation and Spring will automatically wire the marked beans and their dependencies into the Spring container. The annotations are as follow: @Controller, @Service, @Component, @Repository. By using <context:component-scan> and pointing the base package, Spring will auto-discover and wire the components into Spring container.

作为结论:

<context:annotation-config />被使用是为了能够使用 @ autowired注解 <context:component-scan />用于确定搜索 特定的bean和自动装配的尝试。

<context:annotation-config>:扫描并激活spring config xml中已注册bean的注释。

<context:component-scan>: Bean注册+ <context:annotation-config>

@Autowired和@Required是目标属性级别，所以bean应该在使用这些注释之前在spring IOC中注册。要启用这些注释，要么必须注册各自的bean，要么包含<context:annotation-config />。例如，<context:annotation-config />仅适用于已注册的bean。

@Required启用RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor处理工具 @Autowired启用AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor处理工具

注:注释本身没什么事，我们需要一个Processing Tool，它是底层的一个类，负责核心流程。

@Repository， @Service和@Controller是@Component，它们的目标是类级别。

<context:component-scan>它扫描包并找到并注册bean，它包括<context:annotation-config />所做的工作。

将XML迁移到注释

<context:annotation-config>

只解决@Autowired和@Qualifer注释，这就是所有的，它关于依赖注入，还有其他注释做同样的工作，我认为如何@Inject，但都是关于通过注释解决DI。

注意，即使声明了<context:annotation-config>元素，也必须声明类是Bean，记住我们有三个可用选项

XML: <憨豆先生> @注解:@组件，@服务，@存储库，@控制器 JavaConfig: @Configuration， @Bean

现在有了

<context:component-scan>

它做了两件事:

它扫描带有注释的所有类 @组件、@服务、@存储库、@控制器和@配置并创建一个Bean 它与<context:annotation-config>所做的工作相同。

因此，如果你声明<context:component-scan>，就没有必要再声明<context:annotation-config>了。

Thats所有

例如，一个常见的场景是仅通过XML声明bean，并通过注释解析DI

<bean id="serviceBeanA" class="com.something.CarServiceImpl" />
<bean id="serviceBeanB" class="com.something.PersonServiceImpl" />
<bean id="repositoryBeanA" class="com.something.CarRepository" />
<bean id="repositoryBeanB" class="com.something.PersonRepository" />

我们只声明了bean，没有关于<constructor-arg>和<property>， DI是通过@Autowired在它们自己的类中配置的。这意味着服务对它们的存储库组件使用@Autowired，而存储库对JdbcTemplate、DataSource等组件使用@Autowired

您可以在spring上下文模式文件中找到更多信息。 以下内容来自spring-context-4.3.xsd

<conxtext:annotation-config />

Activates various annotations to be detected in bean classes: Spring's @Required and
@Autowired, as well as JSR 250's @PostConstruct, @PreDestroy and @Resource (if available),
JAX-WS's @WebServiceRef (if available), EJB 3's @EJB (if available), and JPA's
@PersistenceContext and @PersistenceUnit (if available). Alternatively, you may
choose to activate the individual BeanPostProcessors for those annotations.

Note: This tag does not activate processing of Spring's @Transactional or EJB 3's
@TransactionAttribute annotation. Consider the use of the <tx:annotation-driven>
tag for that purpose.

<context:component-scan>

Scans the classpath for annotated components that will be auto-registered as
Spring beans. By default, the Spring-provided @Component, @Repository, @Service, @Controller, @RestController, @ControllerAdvice, and @Configuration stereotypes    will be detected.

Note: This tag implies the effects of the 'annotation-config' tag, activating @Required,
@Autowired, @PostConstruct, @PreDestroy, @Resource, @PersistenceContext and @PersistenceUnit
annotations in the component classes, which is usually desired for autodetected components
(without external configuration). Turn off the 'annotation-config' attribute to deactivate
this default behavior, for example in order to use custom BeanPostProcessor definitions
for handling those annotations.

Note: You may use placeholders in package paths, but only resolved against system
properties (analogous to resource paths). A component scan results in new bean definitions
being registered; Spring's PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer will apply to those bean
definitions just like to regular bean definitions, but it won't apply to the component
scan settings themselves.