我有一个简化的函数,看起来像这样:

function(query) {
  myApi.exec('SomeCommand', function(response) {
    return response;
  });
}

我想让它调用myApi。Exec,返回回调lambda中给出的响应。然而,上面的代码不能工作,只是立即返回。

只是为了一个非常hack的尝试,我尝试了下面的工作,但至少你知道我想要实现什么:

function(query) {
  var r;
  myApi.exec('SomeCommand', function(response) {
    r = response;
  });
  while (!r) {}
  return r;
}

基本上,“node.js/事件驱动”的好方法是什么?我希望我的函数等待,直到回调被调用,然后返回传递给它的值。


当前回答

使用async和await要容易得多。

router.post('/login',async (req, res, next) => {
i = await queries.checkUser(req.body);
console.log('i: '+JSON.stringify(i));
});

//User Available Check
async function checkUser(request) {
try {
    let response = await sql.query('select * from login where email = ?', 
    [request.email]);
    return response[0];

    } catch (err) {
    console.log(err);

  }

}

其他回答

使用async和await要容易得多。

router.post('/login',async (req, res, next) => {
i = await queries.checkUser(req.body);
console.log('i: '+JSON.stringify(i));
});

//User Available Check
async function checkUser(request) {
try {
    let response = await sql.query('select * from login where email = ?', 
    [request.email]);
    return response[0];

    } catch (err) {
    console.log(err);

  }

}

实现这一点的一种方法是将API调用封装到promise中,然后使用await来等待结果。

// Let's say this is the API function with two callbacks,
// one for success and the other for error.
function apiFunction(query, successCallback, errorCallback) {
    if (query == "bad query") {
        errorCallback("problem with the query");
    }
    successCallback("Your query was <" + query + ">");
}

// Next function wraps the above API call into a Promise
// and handles the callbacks with resolve and reject.
function apiFunctionWrapper(query) {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        apiFunction(query,(successResponse) => {
            resolve(successResponse);
        }, (errorResponse) => {
            reject(errorResponse);
        });
    });
}

// Now you can use await to get the result from the wrapped api function
// and you can use standard try-catch to handle the errors.
async function businessLogic() {
    try {
        const result = await apiFunctionWrapper("query all users");
        console.log(result);
        
        // the next line will fail
        const result2 = await apiFunctionWrapper("bad query");
    } catch(error) {
        console.error("ERROR:" + error);
    }
}

// Call the main function.
businessLogic();

输出:

Your query was <query all users>
ERROR:problem with the query

现在是2020年,API可能已经有了一个基于承诺的版本,可以与await一起工作。然而,一些接口,特别是事件发射器将需要这个解决方案:

// doesn't wait
let value;
someEventEmitter.once((e) => { value = e.value; });
// waits
let value = await new Promise((resolve) => {
  someEventEmitter.once('event', (e) => { resolve(e.value); });
});

在这种特殊情况下,它将是:

let response = await new Promise((resolve) => {
  myAPI.exec('SomeCommand', (response) => { resolve(response); });
});

Await在过去的3年里一直出现在新的Node.js版本中(从7.6版本开始)。

检查: https://github.com/luciotato/waitfor-ES6

您的代码与等待。对于:(需要生成器,——和谐旗)

function* (query) {
  var r = yield wait.for( myApi.exec, 'SomeCommand');
  return r;
}

这违背了非阻塞IO的目的——你在不需要阻塞的时候阻塞了它:)

你应该嵌套回调,而不是强迫node.js等待,或者在需要r结果的回调中调用另一个回调。

如果您需要强制阻塞,那么很可能您对体系结构的想法是错误的。