使用OmegaConf

OmegaConf是一个基于yaml的分层配置系统，在变量插值功能下支持此功能。使用OmegaConf v2.2.2:

创建YAML文件路径。Yaml如下:

paths:
  root: /path/to/root/
  patha: ${.root}a
  pathb: ${.root}b
  pathc: ${.root}c

然后我们可以读取可变路径的文件:

from omegaconf import OmegaConf
conf = OmegaConf.load("test_paths.yaml")

>>> conf.paths.root
'/path/to/root/'

>>> conf.paths.patha
'/path/to/root/a'
>>> conf.paths.pathb
'/path/to/root/b'
>>> conf.paths.pathc
'/path/to/root/c'

深度和交叉裁判

可以定义更复杂的(嵌套的)结构，使用变量的相对深度来引用其他变量:

创建另一个文件nested_paths.yaml:

data:
    base: data
    sub_dir_A:
        name: a
        # here we note that `base` is two levels above this variable
        # hence we will use `..base` two dots but the `name` variable is
        # at the same level hence a single dot `.name`
        nested_dir: ${..base}/sub_dir/${.name}/last_dir 
    sub_dir_B:
        # add another level of depth
        - name: b
          # due to another level of depth, we have to use three dots
          # to access `base` variable as `...base`
          nested_file: ${...base}/sub_dir/${.name}/dirs.txt
        - name: c
          # we can also make cross-references to other variables
          cross_ref_dir: ${...sub_dir_A.nested_dir}/${.name}

我们可以再次检查:

conf = OmegaConf.load("nested_paths.yaml")

# 1-level of depth reference
>>> conf.data.sub_dir_A.nested_dir
'data/sub_dir/a/last_dir'

# 2-levels of depth reference
>>> conf.data.sub_dir_B[0].nested_file
'data/sub_dir/b/dirs.txt'

# cross-reference example
>>> conf.data.sub_dir_B[1].cross_ref_dir
'data/sub_dir/a/last_dir/c'

在无效引用的情况下(例如错误的深度，错误的变量名)，OmegaConf将抛出错误OmegaConf .errors. interpolationresolutionerror。在Hydra中，它还用于配置复杂的应用程序。

另一种方法是简单地使用另一个字段。

paths:
  root_path: &root
     val: /path/to/root/
  patha: &a
    root_path: *root
    rel_path: a
  pathb: &b
    root_path: *root
    rel_path: b
  pathc: &c
    root_path: *root
    rel_path: c

是的，使用自定义标签。Python中的示例，使用!join标记连接数组中的字符串:

import yaml

## define custom tag handler
def join(loader, node):
    seq = loader.construct_sequence(node)
    return ''.join([str(i) for i in seq])

## register the tag handler
yaml.add_constructor('!join', join)

## using your sample data
yaml.load("""
paths:
    root: &BASE /path/to/root/
    patha: !join [*BASE, a]
    pathb: !join [*BASE, b]
    pathc: !join [*BASE, c]
""")

结果是:

{
    'paths': {
        'patha': '/path/to/root/a',
        'pathb': '/path/to/root/b',
        'pathc': '/path/to/root/c',
        'root': '/path/to/root/'
     }
}

join的参数数组可以包含任意数量的任何数据类型的元素，只要它们可以转换为字符串，因此!join [*a， "/"， *b， "/"， *c]就是您所期望的那样。

使用Yglu，你可以这样写你的例子:

paths:
  root: /path/to/root/
  patha: !? .paths.root + a
  pathb: !? .paths.root + b
  pathc: !? .paths.root + c

声明:我是Yglu的作者。

使用OmegaConf

OmegaConf是一个基于yaml的分层配置系统，在变量插值功能下支持此功能。使用OmegaConf v2.2.2:

创建YAML文件路径。Yaml如下:

paths:
  root: /path/to/root/
  patha: ${.root}a
  pathb: ${.root}b
  pathc: ${.root}c

然后我们可以读取可变路径的文件:

from omegaconf import OmegaConf
conf = OmegaConf.load("test_paths.yaml")

>>> conf.paths.root
'/path/to/root/'

>>> conf.paths.patha
'/path/to/root/a'
>>> conf.paths.pathb
'/path/to/root/b'
>>> conf.paths.pathc
'/path/to/root/c'

深度和交叉裁判

可以定义更复杂的(嵌套的)结构，使用变量的相对深度来引用其他变量:

创建另一个文件nested_paths.yaml:

data:
    base: data
    sub_dir_A:
        name: a
        # here we note that `base` is two levels above this variable
        # hence we will use `..base` two dots but the `name` variable is
        # at the same level hence a single dot `.name`
        nested_dir: ${..base}/sub_dir/${.name}/last_dir 
    sub_dir_B:
        # add another level of depth
        - name: b
          # due to another level of depth, we have to use three dots
          # to access `base` variable as `...base`
          nested_file: ${...base}/sub_dir/${.name}/dirs.txt
        - name: c
          # we can also make cross-references to other variables
          cross_ref_dir: ${...sub_dir_A.nested_dir}/${.name}

我们可以再次检查:

conf = OmegaConf.load("nested_paths.yaml")

# 1-level of depth reference
>>> conf.data.sub_dir_A.nested_dir
'data/sub_dir/a/last_dir'

# 2-levels of depth reference
>>> conf.data.sub_dir_B[0].nested_file
'data/sub_dir/b/dirs.txt'

# cross-reference example
>>> conf.data.sub_dir_B[1].cross_ref_dir
'data/sub_dir/a/last_dir/c'

在无效引用的情况下(例如错误的深度，错误的变量名)，OmegaConf将抛出错误OmegaConf .errors. interpolationresolutionerror。在Hydra中，它还用于配置复杂的应用程序。

在某些语言中，你可以使用替代库，例如，tampax是YAML处理变量的实现:

const tampax = require('tampax');

const yamlString = `
dude:
  name: Arthur
weapon:
  favorite: Excalibur
  useless: knife
sentence: "{{dude.name}} use {{weapon.favorite}}. The goal is {{goal}}."`;

const r = tampax.yamlParseString(yamlString, { goal: 'to kill Mordred' });
console.log(r.sentence);

// output : "Arthur use Excalibur. The goal is to kill Mordred."

编者注:海报作者也是本包的作者。