我正在编写一个python脚本,启动几个进程和数据库连接。有时我想用Ctrl+C信号终止脚本,我想做一些清理工作。

在Perl中,我会这样做:

$SIG{'INT'} = 'exit_gracefully';

sub exit_gracefully {
    print "Caught ^C \n";
    exit (0);
}

如何在Python中进行类似操作?


当前回答

来自Python的文档:

import signal
import time

def handler(signum, frame):
    print 'Here you go'

signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, handler)

time.sleep(10) # Press Ctrl+c here

其他回答

我调整了@udi的代码来支持多个信号(没什么特别的):

class GracefulInterruptHandler(object):
    def __init__(self, signals=(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIGTERM)):
        self.signals = signals
        self.original_handlers = {}

    def __enter__(self):
        self.interrupted = False
        self.released = False

        for sig in self.signals:
            self.original_handlers[sig] = signal.getsignal(sig)
            signal.signal(sig, self.handler)

        return self

    def handler(self, signum, frame):
        self.release()
        self.interrupted = True

    def __exit__(self, type, value, tb):
        self.release()

    def release(self):
        if self.released:
            return False

        for sig in self.signals:
            signal.signal(sig, self.original_handlers[sig])

        self.released = True
        return True

这段代码支持键盘中断调用(SIGINT)和SIGTERM (kill <process>)

感谢已有的答案,但添加了signal.getsignal()

import signal

# store default handler of signal.SIGINT
default_handler = signal.getsignal(signal.SIGINT)
catch_count = 0

def handler(signum, frame):
    global default_handler, catch_count
    catch_count += 1
    print ('wait:', catch_count)
    if catch_count > 3:
        # recover handler for signal.SIGINT
        signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, default_handler)
        print('expecting KeyboardInterrupt')

signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, handler)
print('Press Ctrl+c here')

while True:
    pass

你可以像对待其他异常一样对待它(KeyboardInterrupt)。创建一个新文件,并在shell中运行它,包含以下内容,看看我的意思:

import time, sys

x = 1
while True:
    try:
        print x
        time.sleep(.3)
        x += 1
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print "Bye"
        sys.exit()

另一个片段

将main作为main函数,将exit_elegant作为Ctrl+C处理程序

if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        main()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass
    finally:
        exit_gracefully()

你可以通过捕获KeyboardInterrupt异常来处理CTRL+C。您可以在异常处理程序中实现任何清理代码。