是否有一种简单的方法来遍历列名和值对?

我的SQLAlchemy版本是0.5.6

下面是我尝试使用dict(row)的示例代码:

import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

print "sqlalchemy version:",sqlalchemy.__version__ 

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False)
metadata = MetaData()
users_table = Table('users', metadata,
     Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
     Column('name', String),
)
metadata.create_all(engine) 

class User(declarative_base()):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)
    
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()

user1 = User("anurag")
session.add(user1)
session.commit()

# uncommenting next line throws exception 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
#print dict(user1)
# this one also throws 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable'
for u in session.query(User).all():
    print dict(u)

在我的系统输出上运行这段代码:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "untitled-1.py", line 37, in <module>
    print dict(u)
TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable

当前回答

返回this:class:的内容。KeyedTuple作为字典

In [46]: result = aggregate_events[0]

In [47]: type(result)
Out[47]: sqlalchemy.util._collections.result

In [48]: def to_dict(query_result=None):
    ...:     cover_dict = {key: getattr(query_result, key) for key in query_result.keys()}
    ...:     return cover_dict
    ...: 
    ...:     

In [49]: to_dict(result)
Out[49]: 
{'calculate_avg': None,
 'calculate_max': None,
 'calculate_min': None,
 'calculate_sum': None,
 'dataPointIntID': 6,
 'data_avg': 10.0,
 'data_max': 10.0,
 'data_min': 10.0,
 'data_sum': 60.0,
 'deviceID': u'asas',
 'productID': u'U7qUDa',
 'tenantID': u'CvdQcYzUM'}

其他回答

from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper

def asdict(obj):
    return dict((col.name, getattr(obj, col.name))
                for col in class_mapper(obj.__class__).mapped_table.c)

为了完成@Anurag Uniyal的回答,这里有一个递归地遵循关系的方法:

from sqlalchemy.inspection import inspect

def to_dict(obj, with_relationships=True):
    d = {}
    for column in obj.__table__.columns:
        if with_relationships and len(column.foreign_keys) > 0:
             # Skip foreign keys
            continue
        d[column.name] = getattr(obj, column.name)

    if with_relationships:
        for relationship in inspect(type(obj)).relationships:
            val = getattr(obj, relationship.key)
            d[relationship.key] = to_dict(val) if val else None
    return d

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    first_name = Column(TEXT)
    address_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('addresses.id')
    address = relationship('Address')

class Address(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'addresses'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    city = Column(TEXT)


user = User(first_name='Nathan', address=Address(city='Lyon'))
# Add and commit user to session to create ids

to_dict(user)
# {'id': 1, 'first_name': 'Nathan', 'address': {'city': 'Lyon'}}
to_dict(user, with_relationship=False)
# {'id': 1, 'first_name': 'Nathan', 'address_id': 1}

Anurag Uniyal版本的改进版本,考虑了类型:

def sa_vars(row):
    return {
        column.name: column.type.python_type(getattr(row, column.name))
        for column in row.__table__.columns
    }

行有一个_asdict()函数,它给出一个字典

In [8]: r1 = db.session.query(Topic.name).first()

In [9]: r1
Out[9]: (u'blah')

In [10]: r1.name
Out[10]: u'blah'

In [11]: r1._asdict()
Out[11]: {'name': u'blah'}

我对使用(太多?)字典的看法:

def serialize(_query):
#d = dictionary written to per row
#D = dictionary d is written to each time, then reset
#Master = dictionary of dictionaries; the id Key (int, unique from database) from D is used as the Key for the dictionary D entry in Master
Master = {}
D = {}
x = 0
for u in _query:
    d = u.__dict__
    D = {}
    for n in d.keys():
        if n != '_sa_instance_state':
            D[n] = d[n]
    x = d['id']
    Master[x] = D
return Master

使用flask(包括jsonify)和flask_sqlalchemy将输出打印为JSON。

使用jsonify(serialize())调用该函数。

与我迄今为止尝试过的所有SQLAlchemy查询一起工作(运行SQLite3)