这是典型的“统一码问题”。我相信，解释这个问题已经超出了StackOverflow回答的范围，无法完全解释正在发生的事情。

这里有很好的解释。

简单地说，您已经将一个被解释为字节字符串的内容传递给了需要将其解码为Unicode字符的内容，但是默认的编解码器(ascii)失败了。

我给你们看的演示提供了避免这种情况的建议。让你的代码成为“unicode三明治”。在Python 2中，使用from __future__ import unicode_literals会有所帮助。

更新:如何修复代码:

OK - in your variable "source" you have some bytes. It is not clear from your question how they got in there - maybe you read them from a web form? In any case, they are not encoded with ascii, but python is trying to convert them to unicode assuming that they are. You need to explicitly tell it what the encoding is. This means that you need to know what the encoding is! That is not always easy, and it depends entirely on where this string came from. You could experiment with some common encodings - for example UTF-8. You tell unicode() the encoding as a second parameter:

source = unicode(source, 'utf-8')

这是我的解决方案，只需添加编码。 用open(file, encoding='utf8')作为f

因为读取glove文件需要很长时间，所以我建议将glove文件转换为numpy文件。当你读取嵌入权重时，它将节省你的时间。

import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm


def load_glove(file):
    """Loads GloVe vectors in numpy array.
    Args:
        file (str): a path to a glove file.
    Return:
        dict: a dict of numpy arrays.
    """
    embeddings_index = {}
    with open(file, encoding='utf8') as f:
        for i, line in tqdm(enumerate(f)):
            values = line.split()
            word = ''.join(values[:-300])
            coefs = np.asarray(values[-300:], dtype='float32')
            embeddings_index[word] = coefs

    return embeddings_index

# EMBEDDING_PATH = '../embedding_weights/glove.840B.300d.txt'
EMBEDDING_PATH = 'glove.840B.300d.txt'
embeddings = load_glove(EMBEDDING_PATH)

np.save('glove_embeddings.npy', embeddings) 

Gist链接:https://gist.github.com/BrambleXu/634a844cdd3cd04bb2e3ba3c83aef227

在你的Python文件顶部指定:# encoding= utf-8，它应该可以修复这个问题

我发现最好的方法是始终转换为unicode -但这很难实现，因为在实践中，您必须检查并将每个参数转换为您编写的包含某种形式的字符串处理的每个函数和方法。

因此，我提出了以下方法，以保证从任何一个输入中获得unicode或字节字符串。简而言之，包括并使用以下lambdas:

# guarantee unicode string
_u = lambda t: t.decode('UTF-8', 'replace') if isinstance(t, str) else t
_uu = lambda *tt: tuple(_u(t) for t in tt) 
# guarantee byte string in UTF8 encoding
_u8 = lambda t: t.encode('UTF-8', 'replace') if isinstance(t, unicode) else t
_uu8 = lambda *tt: tuple(_u8(t) for t in tt)

例子:

text='Some string with codes > 127, like Zürich'
utext=u'Some string with codes > 127, like Zürich'
print "==> with _u, _uu"
print _u(text), type(_u(text))
print _u(utext), type(_u(utext))
print _uu(text, utext), type(_uu(text, utext))
print "==> with u8, uu8"
print _u8(text), type(_u8(text))
print _u8(utext), type(_u8(utext))
print _uu8(text, utext), type(_uu8(text, utext))
# with % formatting, always use _u() and _uu()
print "Some unknown input %s" % _u(text)
print "Multiple inputs %s, %s" % _uu(text, text)
# but with string.format be sure to always work with unicode strings
print u"Also works with formats: {}".format(_u(text))
print u"Also works with formats: {},{}".format(*_uu(text, text))
# ... or use _u8 and _uu8, because string.format expects byte strings
print "Also works with formats: {}".format(_u8(text))
print "Also works with formats: {},{}".format(*_uu8(text, text))

这里有更多关于这个的推理。

Encode将unicode对象转换为字符串对象。我认为你正在尝试编码一个字符串对象。首先将结果转换为unicode对象，然后将该unicode对象编码为'utf-8'。 例如

    result = yourFunction()
    result.decode().encode('utf-8')

简而言之，为了确保在Python 2中正确处理unicode:

使用io。打开文件读写 使用from __future__ import unicode_literals 配置其他数据输入/输出(例如，数据库，网络)使用unicode 如果不能将输出配置为utf-8，请将输出转换为print(text。编码(“ascii”、“替换”).decode ())

有关解释，请参阅@Alastair McCormack的详细回答。