为了完整性，添加这个答案。我在使用15.0.6时遇到了这个问题。我真的从Maven或Gradle导入一个模块，它通过了这个过程，但模块没有出现。我尝试删除。idea文件并重新启动。卸载并安装最新版本(社区2016.2)解决了这个问题。

我之前遇到过这个问题，并通过以下步骤解决了它:

右键单击“外部库”并选择“加载/卸载模块”按钮

如果您看到模块已经加载，请再次执行卸载/加载，因为这是由于IntelliJ中的错误造成的。

完成此操作后，在External Libraries部分的顶部再次看到该项目。

删除.idea/workspace.xml对我有用。关闭项目，删除.idea/workspace.xml，然后重新打开项目。我使用的是2019.1版本。

Intellij在解决所有依赖项后导入项目。在我的情况下，它无法解决某些模块的依赖关系，并被卡在那里。我必须将Maven settings.xml从本地回收复制到默认的.m2文件夹，以便将其指向正确的本地回收。

I have a better solution that worked for me and it might work for you. No need to delete the whole .idea folder as this way you lose the whole project. It is possible that you just accidentally excluded all folders in project settings. I also found that project folders disappeared. I was trying to find out how to disable indexing, so I was looking at Project Settings -> Modules and I clicked on Excluded to see if I could add the whole project there to ignore it for indexing. It didn't do anything and I couldn't drag and drop the folder under Excluded. What I didn't realize is that simply clicking "Excluded", IntelliJ automatically moves the folder to Excluded and all folders disappeared in Project Explorer. "Excluded" button changes background to gray, which means exclusion is active. This is a very poor user interface because it is hardly noticeable and clicking this button has a far-reaching impact on your project.

Fix:

打开项目设置->模块 如果“排除”突出显示，单击它 单击应用或关闭

结果: 项目中的文件夹再次显示出来

非常糟糕的UI设计!源和排除按钮看起来像标签时，他们的工作实际上是“复选框”!

注意，仅仅单击Sources或Excluded似乎是一个没有任何可见效果的选项卡选择，但它具有深远的影响，基本上是从构建过程中添加或删除文件。

我也有这个问题。 它与.idea有关，只需删除它并重新启动IntelliJ