如果您想从命令行或stdin读取文件，也可以使用fileinput模块：

# reader.py
import fileinput

content = []
for line in fileinput.input():
    content.append(line.strip())

fileinput.close()

将文件传递给它，如下所示：

$ python reader.py textfile.txt 

在此处阅读更多信息：http://docs.python.org/2/library/fileinput.html

另一个选项是numpy.genfromttxt，例如：

import numpy as np
data = np.genfromtxt("yourfile.dat",delimiter="\n")

这将使数据成为一个NumPy数组，其行数与文件中的行数相同。

这比必要的更明确，但可以做到你想要的。

with open("file.txt") as file_in:
    lines = []
    for line in file_in:
        lines.append(line)

下面是我用来简化文件I/O的Python（3）助手库类：

import os

# handle files using a callback method, prevents repetition
def _FileIO__file_handler(file_path, mode, callback = lambda f: None):
  f = open(file_path, mode)
  try:
    return callback(f)
  except Exception as e:
    raise IOError("Failed to %s file" % ["write to", "read from"][mode.lower() in "r rb r+".split(" ")])
  finally:
    f.close()


class FileIO:
  # return the contents of a file
  def read(file_path, mode = "r"):
    return __file_handler(file_path, mode, lambda rf: rf.read())

  # get the lines of a file
  def lines(file_path, mode = "r", filter_fn = lambda line: len(line) > 0):
    return [line for line in FileIO.read(file_path, mode).strip().split("\n") if filter_fn(line)]

  # create or update a file (NOTE: can also be used to replace a file's original content)
  def write(file_path, new_content, mode = "w"):
    return __file_handler(file_path, mode, lambda wf: wf.write(new_content))

  # delete a file (if it exists)
  def delete(file_path):
    return os.remove() if os.path.isfile(file_path) else None

然后使用FileIO.lines函数，如下所示：

file_ext_lines = FileIO.lines("./path/to/file.ext"):
for i, line in enumerate(file_ext_lines):
  print("Line {}: {}".format(i + 1, line))

请记住，mode（默认为“r”）和filter_fn（默认为检查空行）参数是可选的。

您甚至可以删除read、write和delete方法，只保留FileIO.line，甚至将其转换为一个单独的方法read_lines。

命令行版本

#!/bin/python3
import os
import sys
abspath = os.path.abspath(__file__)
dname = os.path.dirname(abspath)
filename = dname + sys.argv[1]
arr = open(filename).read().split("\n") 
print(arr)

运行方式：

python3 somefile.py input_file_name.txt

f = open("your_file.txt",'r')
out = f.readlines() # will append in the list out

现在，变量out是您想要的列表（数组）。您可以选择：

for line in out:
    print (line)

Or:

for line in f:
    print (line)

你会得到同样的结果。