A servlet at its very core is a java class; which can handle HTTP requests. Typically the internal nitty-gritty of reading a HTTP request and response over the wire is taken care of by the containers like Tomcat. This is done so that as a server side developer you can focus on what to do with the HTTP request and responses and not bother about dealing with code that deals with networking etc. The container will take care of things like wrapping the whole thing in a HTTP response object and send it over to the client (say a browser).

Now the next logical question to ask is who decides what is a container supposed to do? And the answer is; In Java world at least It is guided (note I did not use the word controlled) by specifications. For example Servlet specifications (See resource 2) dictates what a servlet must be able to do. So if you can write an implementation for the specification, congratulations you just created a container (Technically containers like Tomcat also implement other specifications and do tricky stuff like custom class loaders etc but you get the idea).

假设您有一个容器，您的servlet现在是java类，其生命周期将由容器维护，但它们对传入HTTP请求的反应将由您决定。你可以通过在init()、doGet()、doPost()等预定义方法中编写你想要做的事情来做到这一点。看看资源3。

这里有一个有趣的练习。像资源3中那样创建一个简单的servlet，在它的构造函数方法(是的，你可以有一个servlet的构造函数)、init()、doGet()、doPost()方法中编写一些System.out.println()语句，并在tomcat中运行servlet。查看控制台日志和tomcat日志。

资源

看看这里的HTTP servlet (Tomcat示例)。 Servlet规范。 简单的Servlet示例。 开始在线阅读这本书/PDF 它还提供了整本书的下载。也许这会有帮助。 如果你刚刚开始使用servlet，那么阅读相关材料和servlet API是一个不错的主意。这是一个较慢的学习过程，但对弄清基本知识更有帮助。

什么是Servlet?

A servlet is simply a class which responds to a particular type of network request - most commonly an HTTP request. Basically servlets are usually used to implement web applications - but there are also various frameworks which operate on top of servlets (e.g. Struts) to give a higher-level abstraction than the "here's an HTTP request, write to this HTTP response" level which servlets provide. Servlets run in a servlet container which handles the networking side (e.g. parsing an HTTP request, connection handling etc). One of the best-known open source servlet containers is Tomcat. In a request/response paradigm, a web server can serve only static pages to the client To serve dynamic pages, a we require Servlets. Servlet is nothing but a Java program This Java program doesn’t have a main method. It only has some callback methods. How does the web server communicate to the servlet? Via container or Servlet engine. Servlet lives and dies within a web container. Web container is responsible for invoking methods in a servlets. It knows what callback methods the Servlet has.

请求流程

Client sends HTTP request to Web server Web server forwards that HTTP request to web container. Since Servlet can not understand HTTP, its a Java program, it only understands objects, so web container converts that request into valid request object Web container spins a thread for each request All the business logic goes inside doGet() or doPost() callback methods inside the servlets Servlet builds a Java response object and sends it to the container. It converts that to HTTP response again to send it to the client

容器如何知道哪个Servlet客户端请求了?

有一个文件叫web。xml 这是web容器的主文件 在这个文件中有关于servlet的信息- servlet Servlet-name servlet类 servlet-mappings-类似/Login或/Notifications的路径映射在这里 Servlet-name url模式 等等 web应用程序中的每个servlet都应该在这个文件中有一个条目 查找的方式是- url-pattern -> servlet-name -> servlet-class

如何“安装”servlet ? servlet对象继承自javax.servlet库。*。Tomcat和Spring可以用来利用这些对象来适应用例。

参考-在1.5x上观看- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkFRGdUgCsE。这有一个很棒的解释。

servlet只是一个响应特定类型网络请求的类——最常见的是HTTP请求。基本上，servlet通常用于实现web应用程序——但也有各种框架在servlet之上运行(例如Struts)，以提供比servlet提供的“这是一个HTTP请求，写入此HTTP响应”级别更高级别的抽象。

servlet运行在处理网络端(例如解析HTTP请求，连接处理等)的servlet容器中。Tomcat是最著名的开源servlet容器之一。

Servlet是一个java类，用于响应HTTP请求并生成HTTP响应......当我们使用HTML创建页面时，它将是一个静态页面，因此为了使其动态，我们使用SERVLET{简单地说，人们可以理解}。 JSP克服了利用servlet的问题，它本身就使用了代码和HTML标记。

如果你是初学者，我认为本教程可能会给出什么是Servlet的基本概念…

以下是一些有价值的观点。

利用Servlet技术创建web应用程序，该应用程序驻留在服务器端，生成动态网页。

Servlet可以根据上下文以多种方式描述。

Servlet是一种用于创建web应用程序的技术。 Servlet是一个API，它提供了许多接口和类，包括 文件。 Servlet是一个必须实现的接口，用于创建任何 servlet。 Servlet是一个扩展服务器和服务器功能的类 响应传入的请求。它可以对任何类型的 请求。 Servlet是部署在服务器上用于创建的web组件 动态网页。 参考:在这里。

您刚刚得到了一个正常servlet的答案。但是，我想与您分享一些关于Servlet 3.0的内容

What is first a Servlet? A servlet is a Web component that is managed by a container and generates dynamic content. Servlets are Java classes that are compiled to byte code that can be loaded dynamically into and run by a Java technology-enabled Web server or Servlet container. Servlet 3.0 is an update to the existing Servlet 2.5 specification. Servlet 3.0 required API of the Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 6. Servlet 3.0 is focussed on extensibility and web framework pluggability. Servlet 3.0 bring you up some extensions such as Ease of Development (EoD), Pluggability, Async Support and Security Enhancements Ease of Development You can declare Servlets, Filter, Listeners, Init Params, and almost everything can be configured by using annotations Pluggability You can create a sub-project or a module with a web-fragment.xml. It means that it allows to implement pluggable functional requirements independently. Async Support Servlet 3.0 provides the ability of asynchronous processing, for example: Waiting for a resource to become available, Generating response asynchronously. Security Enhancements Support for the authenticate, login and logout servlet security methods

我从Java Servlet教程中找到的