给定一个日期时间。在Python中,是否有一种标准的方法来添加一个整数秒数,例如11:34:59 + 3 = 11:35:02 ?

这些显而易见的想法并不奏效:

>>> datetime.time(11, 34, 59) + 3
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'datetime.time' and 'int'
>>> datetime.time(11, 34, 59) + datetime.timedelta(0, 3)
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'datetime.time' and 'datetime.timedelta'
>>> datetime.time(11, 34, 59) + datetime.time(0, 0, 3)
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'datetime.time' and 'datetime.time'

最后我写出了这样的函数:

def add_secs_to_time(timeval, secs_to_add):
    secs = timeval.hour * 3600 + timeval.minute * 60 + timeval.second
    secs += secs_to_add
    return datetime.time(secs // 3600, (secs % 3600) // 60, secs % 60)

我不禁想,我错过了一个更简单的方法来做到这一点。

相关的

Python time + timedelta等价


当前回答

老问题了,但我想我应该加入一个处理时区的函数。关键部分是传递datetime。Time对象的tzinfo属性合并,然后在生成的虚拟datetime上使用timez()而不是Time()。这个答案在一定程度上受到了这里其他答案的启发。

def add_timedelta_to_time(t, td):
    """Add a timedelta object to a time object using a dummy datetime.

    :param t: datetime.time object.
    :param td: datetime.timedelta object.

    :returns: datetime.time object, representing the result of t + td.

    NOTE: Using a gigantic td may result in an overflow. You've been
    warned.
    """
    # Create a dummy date object.
    dummy_date = date(year=100, month=1, day=1)

    # Combine the dummy date with the given time.
    dummy_datetime = datetime.combine(date=dummy_date, time=t, tzinfo=t.tzinfo)

    # Add the timedelta to the dummy datetime.
    new_datetime = dummy_datetime + td

    # Return the resulting time, including timezone information.
    return new_datetime.timetz()

下面是一个非常简单的测试用例类(使用内置的unittest):

import unittest
from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta, time

class AddTimedeltaToTimeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    """Test add_timedelta_to_time."""

    def test_wraps(self):
        t = time(hour=23, minute=59)
        td = timedelta(minutes=2)
        t_expected = time(hour=0, minute=1)
        t_actual = add_timedelta_to_time(t=t, td=td)
        self.assertEqual(t_expected, t_actual)

    def test_tz(self):
        t = time(hour=4, minute=16, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
        td = timedelta(hours=10, minutes=4)
        t_expected = time(hour=14, minute=20, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
        t_actual = add_timedelta_to_time(t=t, td=td)
        self.assertEqual(t_expected, t_actual)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

其他回答

老问题了,但我想我应该加入一个处理时区的函数。关键部分是传递datetime。Time对象的tzinfo属性合并,然后在生成的虚拟datetime上使用timez()而不是Time()。这个答案在一定程度上受到了这里其他答案的启发。

def add_timedelta_to_time(t, td):
    """Add a timedelta object to a time object using a dummy datetime.

    :param t: datetime.time object.
    :param td: datetime.timedelta object.

    :returns: datetime.time object, representing the result of t + td.

    NOTE: Using a gigantic td may result in an overflow. You've been
    warned.
    """
    # Create a dummy date object.
    dummy_date = date(year=100, month=1, day=1)

    # Combine the dummy date with the given time.
    dummy_datetime = datetime.combine(date=dummy_date, time=t, tzinfo=t.tzinfo)

    # Add the timedelta to the dummy datetime.
    new_datetime = dummy_datetime + td

    # Return the resulting time, including timezone information.
    return new_datetime.timetz()

下面是一个非常简单的测试用例类(使用内置的unittest):

import unittest
from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta, time

class AddTimedeltaToTimeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    """Test add_timedelta_to_time."""

    def test_wraps(self):
        t = time(hour=23, minute=59)
        td = timedelta(minutes=2)
        t_expected = time(hour=0, minute=1)
        t_actual = add_timedelta_to_time(t=t, td=td)
        self.assertEqual(t_expected, t_actual)

    def test_tz(self):
        t = time(hour=4, minute=16, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
        td = timedelta(hours=10, minutes=4)
        t_expected = time(hour=14, minute=20, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
        t_actual = add_timedelta_to_time(t=t, td=td)
        self.assertEqual(t_expected, t_actual)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

为了完整起见,下面是使用arrow的方法(Python中更好的日期和时间):

sometime = arrow.now()
abitlater = sometime.shift(seconds=3)

您不能简单地将number添加到datetime,因为它不清楚使用什么单位:秒、小时、周……

timedelta类用于操作日期和时间。Datetime减去Datetime得到timedelta, Datetime加上timedelta得到Datetime,两个Datetime对象不能被添加,尽管两个timedelta可以被添加。

创建timedelta对象,并将其添加到datetime对象中:

>>> from datetime import datetime, timedelta
>>> t = datetime.now() + timedelta(seconds=3000)
>>> print(t)
datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 17, 21, 47, 13, 90244)

在c++中也有同样的概念:std::chrono::duration。

在现实环境中,只使用时间从来都不是一个好主意,总是使用datetime,甚至更好的utc,以避免像隔夜、夏令时、用户和服务器之间的不同时区等冲突。

所以我推荐这种方法:

import datetime as dt

_now = dt.datetime.now()  # or dt.datetime.now(dt.timezone.utc)
_in_5_sec = _now + dt.timedelta(seconds=5)

# get '14:39:57':
_in_5_sec.strftime('%H:%M:%S')

尝试添加一个日期时间。Datetime到Datetime .timedelta。如果只需要时间部分,可以对结果datetime调用time()方法。对象来获取它。