试试看：

var foo = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

如果您正在使用CoffeeScript，可以通过执行以下操作创建范围：

var foo = [1..5]; 

否则，如果您使用的是普通JavaScript，那么如果要将数组初始化为可变长度，则必须使用循环。

以下是摘要（在控制台中运行）：

// setup:
var n = 10000000;
function* rangeIter(a, b) {
    for (let i = a; i <= b; ++i) yield i;
}
function range(n) { 
    let a = []
    for (; n--; a[n] = n);
    return a;
}
function sequence(max, step = 1) {
    return {
        [Symbol.iterator]: function* () {
            for (let i = 1; i <= max; i += step) yield i
        }
    }
}

var t0, t1, arr;
// tests
t0 = performance.now();
arr = Array.from({ length: n }, (a, i) => 1)
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("Array.from({ length: n }, (a, i) => 1) Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
arr = range(n);
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("range(n) Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
arr = Array.from(rangeIter(0, n));
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("Array.from(rangeIter(0, n)) Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
arr = [...rangeIter(0, n)];
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("[...rangeIter(0, n)] Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
arr = Array.from(sequence(n));
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("Array.from(sequence(n)) Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
arr = [...sequence(n)];
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("[...sequence(n)] Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
arr = Array(n).fill(0).map(Number.call, Number);
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("Array(n).fill(0).map(Number.call, Number) Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
arr = Array.from(Array(n).keys());
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("Array.from(Array(n).keys()) Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

t0 = performance.now();
arr = [...Array(n).keys()];
t1 = performance.now();
console.log("[...Array(n).keys()] Took " + (t1 - t0) + " milliseconds.");

最快的是Array（n）.fill（0）.map（Number.call，Number），第二个是[…Array（n）.keys（）]

但是。。。rangeIter的方式非常方便（可以内联），速度快，功能更强大

对于小范围，切片是不错的。N仅在运行时已知，因此：

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5].slice(0, N+1)

使用ES6标准中的新Array方法和=>函数语法（编写时仅限Firefox）。

通过用未定义的：

Array(N).fill().map((_, i) => i + 1);

Array.from将“孔”转换为未定义，因此Array.map按预期工作：

Array.from(Array(5)).map((_, i) => i + 1)

比字符串变体简单一点：

// create range by N
Array(N).join(0).split(0);

// create a range starting with 0 as the value
Array(7).join(0).split(0).map((v, i) => i + 1) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]

更新（2018年1月4日）：更新以解决确切的OP问题。感谢@lessless发出此消息！

在v8中填充数组的最快方法是：

[...Array(5)].map((_,i) => i);

结果将为：[0，1，2，3，4]