我的Bash脚本贡献大致基于mmrobin的答案。

它需要一些有用的参数来指定include和exclude，或者只检查/删除本地或远程分支，而不是两者。

#!/bin/bash

# exclude branches regex, configure as "(branch1|branch2|etc)$"
excludes_default="(master|next|ag/doc-updates)$"
excludes="__NOTHING__"
includes=
merged="--merged"
local=1
remote=1

while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
  case "$1" in
  -i) shift; includes="$includes $1" ;;
  -e) shift; excludes="$1" ;;
  --no-local) local=0 ;;
  --no-remote) remote=0 ;;
  --all) merged= ;;
  *) echo "Unknown argument $1"; exit 1 ;;
  esac
  shift   # next option
done

if [ "$includes" == "" ]; then
  includes=".*"
else
  includes="($(echo $includes | sed -e 's/ /|/g'))"
fi

current_branch=$(git branch --no-color 2> /dev/null | sed -e '/^[^*]/d' -e 's/* \(.*\)/\1/')
if [ "$current_branch" != "master" ]; then
  echo "WARNING: You are on branch $current_branch, NOT master."
fi
echo -e "Fetching branches...\n"

git remote update --prune
remote_branches=$(git branch -r $merged | grep -v "/$current_branch$" | grep -v -E "$excludes" | grep -v -E "$excludes_default" | grep -E "$includes")
local_branches=$(git branch $merged | grep -v "$current_branch$" | grep -v -E "$excludes" | grep -v -E "$excludes_default" | grep -E "$includes")
if [ -z "$remote_branches" ] && [ -z "$local_branches" ]; then
  echo "No existing branches have been merged into $current_branch."
else
  echo "This will remove the following branches:"
  if [ "$remote" == 1 -a -n "$remote_branches" ]; then
    echo "$remote_branches"
  fi
  if [ "$local" == 1 -a -n "$local_branches" ]; then
    echo "$local_branches"
  fi
  read -p "Continue? (y/n): " -n 1 choice
  echo
  if [ "$choice" == "y" ] || [ "$choice" == "Y" ]; then
    if [ "$remote" == 1 ]; then
      remotes=$(git remote)
      # Remove remote branches
      for remote in $remotes
      do
        branches=$(echo "$remote_branches" | grep "$remote/" | sed "s/$remote\/\(.*\)/:\1 /g" | tr -d '\n')
        git push $remote $branches
      done
    fi

    if [ "$local" == 1 ]; then
      # Remove local branches
      locals=$(echo "$local_branches" | sed 's/origin\///g' | tr -d '\n')
      if [ -z "$locals" ]; then
        echo "No branches removed."
      else
        git branch -d $(echo "$locals" | tr -d '\n')
      fi
    fi
  fi
fi

库布恩的回答没有删除分支名称中包含单词master的分支。以下内容改进了他的回答：

git branch -r --merged | grep -v "origin/master$" | sed 's/\s*origin\///' | xargs -n 1 git push --delete origin

当然，它不会删除“master”分支本身：）

公认的解决方案很好，但有一个问题，它还删除了尚未合并到远程的本地分支。

如果你查看的输出，你会看到

$ git branch --merged master -v
  api_doc                  3a05427 [gone] Start of describing the Java API
  bla                      52e080a Update wording.
  branch-1.0               32f1a72 [maven-release-plugin] prepare release 1.0.1
  initial_proposal         6e59fb0 [gone] Original proposal, converted to AsciiDoc.
  issue_248                be2ba3c Skip unit-for-type checking. This needs more work. (#254)
  master                   be2ba3c Skip unit-for-type checking. This needs more work. (#254)

分支bla和issue_248是将被默默删除的本地分支。

但您也可以看到单词[gone]，它表示已被推到远程（现在已不存在）的分支，因此表示可以删除分支。

因此，原始答案可以更改为（拆分为多行以缩短行长度）

git branch --merged master -v | \
     grep  "\\[gone\\]" | \
     sed -e 's/^..//' -e 's/\S* .*//' | \
      xargs git branch -d

以保护尚未合并的分支。此外，也不需要为master提供保护，因为它在源位置有一个远程，不会显示为已删除。

Git Sweep在这方面做得很好。

使用Git版本2.5.0：

git branch -d `git branch --merged`

这也适用于删除除主分支之外的所有合并分支。

git branch --merged | grep -v '^* master$' | grep -v '^  master$' | xargs git branch -d