++不是运算符。它是两个+运算符。+运算符是单位运算符，它什么也不做。(澄清:+和-一元操作符仅适用于数字，但我假定您不会期望假设的++操作符适用于字符串。)

++count

解析为

+(+count)

翻译过来就是

count

你必须使用稍微长一点的+=运算符来做你想做的事情:

count += 1

我怀疑省略++和——操作符是为了保持一致性和简单性。我不知道Guido van Rossum为这个决定给出的确切理由，但我可以想象出一些理由:

Simpler parsing. Technically, parsing ++count is ambiguous, as it could be +, +, count (two unary + operators) just as easily as it could be ++, count (one unary ++ operator). It's not a significant syntactic ambiguity, but it does exist. Simpler language. ++ is nothing more than a synonym for += 1. It was a shorthand invented because C compilers were stupid and didn't know how to optimize a += 1 into the inc instruction most computers have. In this day of optimizing compilers and bytecode interpreted languages, adding operators to a language to allow programmers to optimize their code is usually frowned upon, especially in a language like Python that is designed to be consistent and readable. Confusing side-effects. One common newbie error in languages with ++ operators is mixing up the differences (both in precedence and in return value) between the pre- and post-increment/decrement operators, and Python likes to eliminate language "gotcha"-s. The precedence issues of pre-/post-increment in C are pretty hairy, and incredibly easy to mess up.

++不是运算符。它是两个+运算符。+运算符是单位运算符，它什么也不做。(澄清:+和-一元操作符仅适用于数字，但我假定您不会期望假设的++操作符适用于字符串。)

++count

解析为

+(+count)

翻译过来就是

count

你必须使用稍微长一点的+=运算符来做你想做的事情:

count += 1

我怀疑省略++和——操作符是为了保持一致性和简单性。我不知道Guido van Rossum为这个决定给出的确切理由，但我可以想象出一些理由:

Simpler parsing. Technically, parsing ++count is ambiguous, as it could be +, +, count (two unary + operators) just as easily as it could be ++, count (one unary ++ operator). It's not a significant syntactic ambiguity, but it does exist. Simpler language. ++ is nothing more than a synonym for += 1. It was a shorthand invented because C compilers were stupid and didn't know how to optimize a += 1 into the inc instruction most computers have. In this day of optimizing compilers and bytecode interpreted languages, adding operators to a language to allow programmers to optimize their code is usually frowned upon, especially in a language like Python that is designed to be consistent and readable. Confusing side-effects. One common newbie error in languages with ++ operators is mixing up the differences (both in precedence and in return value) between the pre- and post-increment/decrement operators, and Python likes to eliminate language "gotcha"-s. The precedence issues of pre-/post-increment in C are pretty hairy, and incredibly easy to mess up.

Python没有前增量和后增量操作符。

在Python中，整数是不可变的。那就是你不能改变他们。这是因为整数对象可以在多个名称下使用。试试这个:

>>> b = 5
>>> a = 5
>>> id(a)
162334512
>>> id(b)
162334512
>>> a is b
True

上面的A和b实际上是同一个物体。如果你增加a，你也会增加b，这不是你想要的。所以你必须重新分配。是这样的:

b = b + 1

许多使用python的C程序员都想要一个自增操作符，但是这个操作符看起来像是对对象进行了自增操作，而实际上是对对象进行了重赋。因此-=和+=运算符加在一起，比b = b+ 1更短，同时比b++更清晰和灵活，所以大多数人会用:

b += 1

将b重新赋值给b+1。这不是一个自增运算符，因为它不加b，而是重新赋值。

简而言之:Python在这里表现不同，因为它不是C语言，也不是机器代码的低级包装器，而是一种高级动态语言，其中增量没有意义，也不像C语言那样必要，例如，在C语言中，每次有循环时都要使用增量。

在Python中，表达式和语句之间有严格的区别 与Common Lisp、Scheme或 Ruby。

维基百科

因此，通过引入这样的操作符，可以打破表达式/语句的分割。

和你不能写作的原因一样

if x = 0:
  y = 1

就像在其他一些不保留这种区别的语言中一样。

Python没有这些操作符，但如果你真的需要它们，你可以编写一个具有相同功能的函数。

def PreIncrement(name, local={}):
    #Equivalent to ++name
    if name in local:
        local[name]+=1
        return local[name]
    globals()[name]+=1
    return globals()[name]

def PostIncrement(name, local={}):
    #Equivalent to name++
    if name in local:
        local[name]+=1
        return local[name]-1
    globals()[name]+=1
    return globals()[name]-1

用法:

x = 1
y = PreIncrement('x') #y and x are both 2
a = 1
b = PostIncrement('a') #b is 1 and a is 2

在函数内部，如果你想改变局部变量，你必须添加locals()作为第二个参数，否则它将尝试改变全局变量。

x = 1
def test():
    x = 10
    y = PreIncrement('x') #y will be 2, local x will be still 10 and global x will be changed to 2
    z = PreIncrement('x', locals()) #z will be 11, local x will be 11 and global x will be unaltered
test()

还有这些函数，你可以做:

x = 1
print(PreIncrement('x'))   #print(x+=1) is illegal!

但在我看来，以下方法更清晰:

x = 1
x+=1
print(x)

递减运算符:

def PreDecrement(name, local={}):
    #Equivalent to --name
    if name in local:
        local[name]-=1
        return local[name]
    globals()[name]-=1
    return globals()[name]

def PostDecrement(name, local={}):
    #Equivalent to name--
    if name in local:
        local[name]-=1
        return local[name]+1
    globals()[name]-=1
    return globals()[name]+1

我使用这些函数在我的模块翻译javascript到python。

扩展Henry的回答，我实验性地实现了一个语法糖库，实现了++:hdytto。

使用方法简单。从PyPI安装后，放置sitecustomize.py:

from hdytto import register_hdytto
register_hdytto()

在项目目录中。然后，使main.py:

# coding: hdytto

a = 5
print(a++)
print(++a)
b = 10 - --a
print(b--)

并通过PYTHONPATH=运行它。python main.py。输出将是

5
7
4

在解码脚本文件时，Hdytto将++替换为((a:=a+1)-1)，因此它可以工作。