自数据库创建以来，支持<Database>上下文的模型已经更改

错误信息:

“自数据库创建以来，支持‘AddressBook’上下文的模型已经发生了变化。手动删除/更新数据库，或者调用database。带有IDatabaseInitializer实例的SetInitializer。例如，RecreateDatabaseIfModelChanges策略将自动删除并重新创建数据库，并可选地为其添加新数据。”

我正在尝试使用代码优先功能，以下是我写的:

var modelBuilder = new ModelBuilder();
var model = modelBuilder.CreateModel();
using (AddressBook context = new AddressBook(model))
{
    var contact = new Contact
    {
        ContactID = 10000,
        FirstName = "Brian",
        LastName = "Lara",
        ModifiedDate = DateTime.Now,
        AddDate = DateTime.Now,
        Title = "Mr."

    };
    context.contacts.Add(contact);
    int result = context.SaveChanges();
    Console.WriteLine("Result :- "+ result.ToString());
}

上下文类:

public class AddressBook : DbContext
{
    public AddressBook()
    { }
    public AddressBook(DbModel AddressBook)
        : base(AddressBook)
    {

    }
    public DbSet<Contact> contacts { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Address> Addresses { get; set; }
}

和连接字符串:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <connectionStrings>
    <add name="AddressBook" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"  
         connectionString="Data Source=MyMachine;Initial Catalog=AddressBook;
         Integrated Security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;"/>
    </connectionStrings>
</configuration>

因此，数据库名称是“AddressBook”，当我试图将联系人对象添加到上下文时发生错误。我遗漏了什么吗?

当前回答

现在是:

protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
    Database.SetInitializer<YourDbContext>(null);
    base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
}

在你的YourDbContext.cs文件中。

2011-05-26 18:08:09

其他回答

这很奇怪，但这里所有的答案对我来说都没用。对于我来说，有效的初始化器

MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion

以下是我的解决方案(我知道，它可以简单得多，但这就是我使用它的方式):

class MyDbMigrateToLatest : MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MyDbContext, Configuration>
{
}

public class MyDbContext: DbContext
{
    public MyDbContext() : base("DbName")
    {
        SetInitializer();
    }

    public MyDbContext(string connString) : base(connString)
    {
        SetInitializer();
    }

    private static void SetInitializer()
    {
        if (ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["RebuildDatabaseOnStart"] == "true")
            Database.SetInitializer(new MyDbInitializerForTesting());
        else
            Database.SetInitializer(new MyDbMigrateToLatest());
    }
}

public sealed class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<MyDbContext>
{
    public Configuration()
    {
        AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
    }

    protected override void Seed(MyDbContext context)
    {
        // Whatever
    }
}

MyDbInitializerForTesting只是继承自DropCreateDatabaseAlways，所以在某些特定的情况下(测试)，整个数据库被重建。否则，它已迁移到最新版本。

我的来源:https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/data/jj591621.aspx#specific

2015-06-15 07:03:06

I had the same issue - re-adding the migration and updating the database didn't work and none of the answers above seemed right. Then inspiration hit me - I'm using multiple tiers (one web, one data, and one business). The data layer has the context and all the models. The web layer never threw this exception - it was the business layer (which I set as console application for testing and debugging). Turns out the business layer wasn't using the right connection string to get the db and make the context. So I added the connection string to the app config of the business layer (and the data layer) and viola it works. Putting this here for others who may encounter the same issue.

2016-09-30 19:02:15

实体框架5.0.0.0 - 6.1.3

你确实想做以下事情:

1. using System.Data.Entity;   to startup file (console app --> Program.cs / mvc --> global.asax
2. Database.SetInitializer<YourDatabaseContext>(null);

是的，马特·弗雷尔是对的。更新-编辑:警告是我同意其他人的观点，而不是将此代码添加到全局。asax添加到你的DbContext类

protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
    // other code 
    Database.SetInitializer<YOURContext>(null);
    // more code here.
}

正如其他人提到的，这也有利于处理单元测试。

目前，我正在使用实体框架6.1.3 /.net 4.6.1

在不久的将来，我将回来提供一个CORE片段。

2013-02-21 02:25:19

I am reading the Pro ASP.NET MVC 4 book as well, and ran into the same problem you were having. For me, I started having the problem after making the changes prescribed in the 'Adding Model Validation' section of the book. The way I resolved the problem is by moving my database from the localdb to the full-blown SQL Server 2012 server. (BTW, I know that I am lucky I could switch to the full-blown version, so don't hate me. ;-))) There must be something with the communication to the db that is causing the problem.

2013-01-24 20:08:57

现在是:

protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
    Database.SetInitializer<YourDbContext>(null);
    base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
}

在你的YourDbContext.cs文件中。

2011-05-26 18:08:09

自数据库创建以来，支持<Database>上下文的模型已经更改

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