Solved - My new MacBook Air M2 was struggling with downloading and installing Xcode. The problem, I think, was that the laptop sleeps after a short period of time and that stops the download/install process. Download/install restarts at 80% or 0% when the laptop is reawakened - repeat. A simple way to avoid the laptop from sleeping is to open the Terminal application (Application/Utilities/Terminal) and type "caffeinate". That prevents the laptop from sleeping and lets the download/install process complete itself. When done type control-c into the Terminal and it will quit caffeinate.

在Ventura上尝试更新到Xcode 14.1近24小时后，我最终丢弃了Xcode应用程序，重新启动，只启动了App Store，并进行了新的安装，将App Store留在前台。它在我的M1 Mac mini上下载了(20分钟内大约7gb)，不到一个小时就完成了安装。

背景:

After updating to Ventura, there was an update to Xcode 14.1 in the App Store. As with previous versions, I had trouble installing it. This time though, the install would progress to 61% (seen by hovering the mouse over the spinning circle in App Store), then stay there. Filtering for ASDAppQuery in the Console, as suggested in other answers, showed progress for a while, but then also stopped. The installd process was still using a lot of CPU. However, after a while it would stop doing so. It seemed that the App Store app would stop, and a couple of times I checked Activity Monitor and saw that it was in "App Nap" mode. After waking up again, the appstoreagent would run at 95% CPU (one core) for a while, followed by installd running again, at around 300% CPU. This cycle continued, but with no progress. I tried leaving it overnight, but in the morning it was in the same state: neither appstoreagent nor installd doing anything, but then seeming to wake up and grind away again, but making no progress. I had also tried quitting the App Store and starting again, but the same kept happening - going to 61%, then spinning away with no progress indication. Finally, I decided to trash Xcode, reboot, and install - that worked quickly and flawlessly.

控制台非常有用。这表明安装正在起作用，尽管缓慢。

我不得不下载xCode 3次。重新安装3次。总之需要8-12个小时的努力。

它仍在缓慢地进行着。

如果苹果团队加入一个更好的“安装进度”指示器——就像许多其他产品一样——那将是非常有帮助的。

固定强制关闭安装过程，并再次运行的应用程序商店

在我的情况下，强制退出安装，关闭并打开appstore，再次运行更新

关闭你的反病毒文件屏蔽将有助于我的情况。

虽然从技术上讲，杀毒软件不应该阻止Mac应用商店中的应用程序，但似乎Xcode是一款有自己独特问题的应用程序，这就是为什么在某些情况下禁用杀毒软件是有效的。