我正在尝试我的第一个正式的python程序使用线程和多处理在windows机器上。但是我无法启动进程,python给出以下消息。问题是,我没有在主模块中启动线程。线程在类中的单独模块中处理。

编辑:顺便说一下,这段代码在ubuntu上运行良好。不完全是在窗户上

RuntimeError: 
            Attempt to start a new process before the current process
            has finished its bootstrapping phase.
            This probably means that you are on Windows and you have
            forgotten to use the proper idiom in the main module:
                if __name__ == '__main__':
                    freeze_support()
                    ...
            The "freeze_support()" line can be omitted if the program
            is not going to be frozen to produce a Windows executable.

我的原始代码相当长,但我能够在代码的删节版本中重现错误。它分为两个文件,第一个是主模块,除了导入处理进程/线程和调用方法的模块外,它做的很少。第二个模块是代码的主要部分。


testMain.py:

import parallelTestModule

extractor = parallelTestModule.ParallelExtractor()
extractor.runInParallel(numProcesses=2, numThreads=4)

parallelTestModule.py:

import multiprocessing
from multiprocessing import Process
import threading

class ThreadRunner(threading.Thread):
    """ This class represents a single instance of a running thread"""
    def __init__(self, name):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.name = name
    def run(self):
        print self.name,'\n'

class ProcessRunner:
    """ This class represents a single instance of a running process """
    def runp(self, pid, numThreads):
        mythreads = []
        for tid in range(numThreads):
            name = "Proc-"+str(pid)+"-Thread-"+str(tid)
            th = ThreadRunner(name)
            mythreads.append(th) 
        for i in mythreads:
            i.start()
        for i in mythreads:
            i.join()

class ParallelExtractor:    
    def runInParallel(self, numProcesses, numThreads):
        myprocs = []
        prunner = ProcessRunner()
        for pid in range(numProcesses):
            pr = Process(target=prunner.runp, args=(pid, numThreads)) 
            myprocs.append(pr) 
#        if __name__ == 'parallelTestModule':    #This didnt work
#        if __name__ == '__main__':              #This obviously doesnt work
#        multiprocessing.freeze_support()        #added after seeing error to no avail
        for i in myprocs:
            i.start()

        for i in myprocs:
            i.join()

当前回答

你好,这是我的多进程结构

from multiprocessing import Process
import time


start = time.perf_counter()


def do_something(time_for_sleep):
    print(f'Sleeping {time_for_sleep} second...')
    time.sleep(time_for_sleep)
    print('Done Sleeping...')



p1 = Process(target=do_something, args=[1])
p2 = Process(target=do_something, args=[2])


if __name__ == '__main__':
    p1.start()
    p2.start()

    p1.join()
    p2.join()

    finish = time.perf_counter()
    print(f'Finished in {round(finish-start,2 )} second(s)')

你不必在if __name__ == '__main__':中导入,只需运行你希望在里面运行的程序

其他回答

你好,这是我的多进程结构

from multiprocessing import Process
import time


start = time.perf_counter()


def do_something(time_for_sleep):
    print(f'Sleeping {time_for_sleep} second...')
    time.sleep(time_for_sleep)
    print('Done Sleeping...')



p1 = Process(target=do_something, args=[1])
p2 = Process(target=do_something, args=[2])


if __name__ == '__main__':
    p1.start()
    p2.start()

    p1.join()
    p2.join()

    finish = time.perf_counter()
    print(f'Finished in {round(finish-start,2 )} second(s)')

你不必在if __name__ == '__main__':中导入,只需运行你希望在里面运行的程序

虽然前面的答案是正确的,但有一个小问题需要说明。

如果你的主模块导入了另一个模块,其中的全局变量或类成员变量被定义并初始化为(或使用)一些新对象,你可能必须以相同的方式设置导入条件:

if __name__ ==  '__main__':
  import my_module

尝试将代码放在testMain.py中的主函数中

import parallelTestModule

if __name__ ==  '__main__':
  extractor = parallelTestModule.ParallelExtractor()
  extractor.runInParallel(numProcesses=2, numThreads=4)

查看文档:

"For an explanation of why (on Windows) the if __name__ == '__main__' 
part is necessary, see Programming guidelines."

这说

确保主模块可以被新的Python安全地导入 解释器,而不会引起意外的副作用(例如启动一个 新流程)”。

... 通过使用if __name__ == '__main__'

在我的例子中,这是代码中的一个简单错误,在创建变量之前使用了一个变量。在尝试上述解决方案之前,值得检查一下。为什么我得到这个特殊的错误消息,天知道。

在yolo v5中使用python 3.8.5

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from yolov5 import train
    train.run()