正如已接受的答案中所述，Get-FileHash很容易用于文件，但也可以用于字符串:

$s = "asdf"
Get-FileHash -InputStream ([System.IO.MemoryStream]::New([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes($s)))

这是我用来获得一致哈希值的方法:

function New-CrcTable {
    [uint32]$c = $null
    $crcTable = New-Object 'System.Uint32[]' 256

    for ($n = 0; $n -lt 256; $n++) {
        $c = [uint32]$n
        for ($k = 0; $k -lt 8; $k++) {
            if ($c -band 1) {
                $c = (0xEDB88320 -bxor ($c -shr 1))
            }
            else {
                $c = ($c -shr 1)
            }
        }
        $crcTable[$n] = $c
    }

    Write-Output $crcTable
}

function Update-Crc ([uint32]$crc, [byte[]]$buffer, [int]$length, $crcTable) {
    [uint32]$c = $crc

    for ($n = 0; $n -lt $length; $n++) {
        $c = ($crcTable[($c -bxor $buffer[$n]) -band 0xFF]) -bxor ($c -shr 8)
    }

    Write-Output $c
}

function Get-CRC32 {
    <#
        .SYNOPSIS
            Calculate CRC.
        .DESCRIPTION
            This function calculates the CRC of the input data using the CRC32 algorithm.
        .EXAMPLE
            Get-CRC32 $data
        .EXAMPLE
            $data | Get-CRC32
        .NOTES
            C to PowerShell conversion based on code in https://www.w3.org/TR/PNG/#D-CRCAppendix

            Author: Øyvind Kallstad
            Date: 06.02.2017
            Version: 1.0
        .INPUTS
            byte[]
        .OUTPUTS
            uint32
        .LINK
            https://communary.net/
        .LINK
            https://www.w3.org/TR/PNG/#D-CRCAppendix

    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        # Array of Bytes to use for CRC calculation
        [Parameter(Position = 0, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
        [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
        [byte[]]$InputObject
    )

    $dataArray = @()
    $crcTable = New-CrcTable
    foreach ($item  in $InputObject) {
        $dataArray += $item
    }
    $inputLength = $dataArray.Length
    Write-Output ((Update-Crc -crc 0xffffffffL -buffer $dataArray -length $inputLength -crcTable $crcTable) -bxor 0xffffffffL)
}

function GetHash() {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Position = 0, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
        [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
        [string]$InputString
    )

    $bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($InputString)
    $hasCode = Get-CRC32 $bytes
    $hex = "{0:x}" -f $hasCode
    return $hex
}

function Get-FolderHash {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Position = 0, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
        [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
        [string]$FolderPath
    )

    $FolderContent = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList
    Get-ChildItem $FolderPath -Recurse | Where-Object {
        if ([System.IO.File]::Exists($_)) {
            $FolderContent.AddRange([System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes($_)) | Out-Null
        }
    }

    $hasCode = Get-CRC32 $FolderContent
    $hex = "{0:x}" -f $hasCode
    return $hex.Substring(0, 8).ToLower()
}

下面是我用来获取给定字符串的MD5的代码片段:

$text = "text goes here..."
$md5  = [Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider]::new()
$utf8 = [Text.UTF8Encoding]::UTF8
$bytes= $md5.ComputeHash($utf8.GetBytes($text))
$hash = [string]::Concat($bytes.foreach{$_.ToString("x2")}) 

正如已接受的答案中所述，Get-FileHash很容易用于文件，但也可以用于字符串:

$s = "asdf"
Get-FileHash -InputStream ([System.IO.MemoryStream]::New([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes($s)))

这里有两行，只需在第2行中更改“hello”:

PS C:\> [Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Web")
PS C:\> [System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication]::HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile("hello", "MD5")

团队! 看看我的哈希计算函数。

Function Get-StringHash {
<#
    .DESCRIPTION
        Get string persistant hash.        
#>
    [OutputType([string])]
    [CmdletBinding()]
    Param(
        [Parameter( Mandatory = $True, Position = 0, HelpMessage = "String to calculate hash." )]
        [string] $String,
        [Parameter( Mandatory = $false, Position = 0, HelpMessage = "String encoding." )]
        [ValidateSet( 'UTF8' )]
        [string] $StringEncoding = 'UTF8',
        [Parameter( Mandatory = $false, Position = 2, HelpMessage = "Hash algoritm." )]
        [ValidateSet( 'md5', 'sha256', 'sha512' )]
        [string] $Algoritm = 'sha256'
    )
    try {
        #region functions
        #endregion

        $Result = $null

        switch ( $Algoritm ) {
            'md5' {  
                $HashProvider = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider
            }
            'sha256' {  
                $HashProvider = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256CryptoServiceProvider
            }
            'sha512' {  
                $HashProvider = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA512CryptoServiceProvider
            }
            Default {}
        }

        switch ( $StringEncoding ) {
            'UTF8' {  
                $Encoding = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding
            }
            Default {}
        }
        
        
        $Result = [System.BitConverter]::ToString( $HashProvider.ComputeHash( $Encoding.GetBytes( $String ) )).replace('-','')

    }
    catch {
        Get-ErrorReporting -Trap $_
    }

    return $Result
}

$String   = 'Some text'
$Algoritm = 'MD5'

$Hash = Get-StringHash -String $String -Algoritm $Algoritm

write-host "$String has $Algoritm hash $hash"