我想计算一些内容的MD5校验和。如何在PowerShell中做到这一点?


当前回答

PowerShell One-Liners(字符串到散列)

MD5

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

SHA1

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

SHA256

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

SHA384

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA384CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

SHA512

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA512CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

其他回答

这将返回远程计算机上文件的MD5哈希值:

Invoke-Command -ComputerName RemoteComputerName -ScriptBlock {
    $fullPath = Resolve-Path 'c:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe'
    $md5 = new-object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider
    $file = [System.IO.File]::OpenRead($fullPath)
    $hash = [System.BitConverter]::ToString($md5.ComputeHash($file))
    $hash -replace "-", ""
    $file.Dispose()
}

这个网站有一个例子:使用Powershell进行MD5校验和。它使用. net框架实例化MD5哈希算法的实例来计算哈希值。

下面是本文的代码,包含Stephen的注释:

param
(
  $file
)

$algo = [System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm]::Create("MD5")
$stream = New-Object System.IO.FileStream($Path, [System.IO.FileMode]::Open,
    [System.IO.FileAccess]::Read)

$md5StringBuilder = New-Object System.Text.StringBuilder
$algo.ComputeHash($stream) | % { [void] $md5StringBuilder.Append($_.ToString("x2")) }
$md5StringBuilder.ToString()

$stream.Dispose()

现在有一个Get-FileHash函数,非常方便。

PS C:\> Get-FileHash C:\Users\Andris\Downloads\Contoso8_1_ENT.iso -Algorithm SHA384 | Format-List

Algorithm : SHA384
Hash      : 20AB1C2EE19FC96A7C66E33917D191A24E3CE9DAC99DB7C786ACCE31E559144FEAFC695C58E508E2EBBC9D3C96F21FA3
Path      : C:\Users\Andris\Downloads\Contoso8_1_ENT.iso

只需将SHA384更改为MD5即可。

示例来自PowerShell 5.1的官方文档。文档中有更多示例。

另一个早在2003年就默认安装在Windows中的内置命令是Certutil,当然也可以从PowerShell调用它。

CertUtil -hashfile file.foo MD5

(注意:MD5应该全部大写以获得最大的健壮性)

PowerShell One-Liners(字符串到散列)

MD5

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

SHA1

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

SHA256

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

SHA384

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA384CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")

SHA512

([System.BitConverter]::ToString((New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA512CryptoServiceProvider).ComputeHash((New-Object -TypeName System.Text.UTF8Encoding).GetBytes("Hello, World!")))).Replace("-","")