当你有本地方法可用时，不确定为什么上面的解释如此复杂:

main_list = list(set(list_2)-set(list_1))

你可以使用集合:

main_list = list(set(list_2) - set(list_1))

输出:

>>> list_1=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
>>> list_2=["a", "f", "c", "m"]
>>> set(list_2) - set(list_1)
set(['m', 'f'])
>>> list(set(list_2) - set(list_1))
['m', 'f']

根据@JonClements的评论，这里是一个更整洁的版本:

>>> list_1=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
>>> list_2=["a", "f", "c", "m"]
>>> list(set(list_2).difference(list_1))
['m', 'f']

如果要考虑出现的次数，则可能需要使用集合之类的方法。计数器:

list_1=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
list_2=["a", "f", "c", "m"] 
from collections import Counter
cnt1 = Counter(list_1)
cnt2 = Counter(list_2)
final = [key for key, counts in cnt2.items() if cnt1[key] != counts]

>>> final
['f', 'm']

如前所述，这也可以处理不同数量的事件作为“差异”:

list_1=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", 'a']
cnt1 = Counter(list_1)
cnt2 = Counter(list_2)
final = [key for key, counts in cnt2.items() if cnt1[key] != counts]

>>> final
['a', 'f', 'm']

从ser1中删除ser2中的条目。

输入

1 = pd。系列([1、2、3、4、5]) ser2 = pd。系列([4、5、6、7、8])

解决方案

ser1[~ser1.isin（ser2）]

main_list=[]
list_1=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
list_2=["a", "f", "c", "m"]

for i in list_2:
    if i not in list_1:
        main_list.append(i)

print(main_list)

输出:

['f', 'm']

使用这样的列表理解:

main_list = [item for item in list_2 if item not in list_1]

输出:

>>> list_1 = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
>>> list_2 = ["a", "f", "c", "m"] 
>>> 
>>> main_list = [item for item in list_2 if item not in list_1]
>>> main_list
['f', 'm']

编辑:

就像下面评论中提到的，对于大列表，上面不是理想的解决方案。在这种情况下，更好的选择是先将list_1转换为set:

set_1 = set(list_1)  # this reduces the lookup time from O(n) to O(1)
main_list = [item for item in list_2 if item not in set_1]