有很多方法可以实现这一点。将在下面留下各种选项，可以使用，这取决于一个用例的特殊性。
可以认为OP的数据帧存储在变量df中。
选项1
对于OP的情况，考虑到唯一值为0的列是line_race，下面将完成工作
df_new = df[df != 0].dropna()
[Out]:
line_date daysago line_race rating rw wrating
0 2007-03-31 62 11.0 56 1.000000 56.000000
1 2007-03-10 83 11.0 67 1.000000 67.000000
2 2007-02-10 111 9.0 66 1.000000 66.000000
3 2007-01-13 139 10.0 83 0.880678 73.096278
4 2006-12-23 160 10.0 88 0.793033 69.786942
5 2006-11-09 204 9.0 52 0.636655 33.106077
6 2006-10-22 222 8.0 66 0.581946 38.408408
7 2006-09-29 245 9.0 70 0.518825 36.317752
8 2006-09-16 258 11.0 68 0.486226 33.063381
9 2006-08-30 275 8.0 72 0.446667 32.160051
10 2006-02-11 475 5.0 65 0.164591 10.698423
然而，由于情况并非总是如此，建议检查以下选项，其中将指定列名。
选项2
tshauck的方法最终比选项1更好，因为它可以指定列。然而，根据想要引用列的方式，还有其他的变化:
例如，使用数据框架中的位置
df_new = df[df[df.columns[2]] != 0]
或者通过如下显式地指示列
df_new = df[df['line_race'] != 0]
也可以遵循相同的登录，但使用自定义lambda函数，例如
df_new = df[df.apply(lambda x: x['line_race'] != 0, axis=1)]
[Out]:
line_date daysago line_race rating rw wrating
0 2007-03-31 62 11.0 56 1.000000 56.000000
1 2007-03-10 83 11.0 67 1.000000 67.000000
2 2007-02-10 111 9.0 66 1.000000 66.000000
3 2007-01-13 139 10.0 83 0.880678 73.096278
4 2006-12-23 160 10.0 88 0.793033 69.786942
5 2006-11-09 204 9.0 52 0.636655 33.106077
6 2006-10-22 222 8.0 66 0.581946 38.408408
7 2006-09-29 245 9.0 70 0.518825 36.317752
8 2006-09-16 258 11.0 68 0.486226 33.063381
9 2006-08-30 275 8.0 72 0.446667 32.160051
10 2006-02-11 475 5.0 65 0.164591 10.698423
选项3
使用pandas.Series.map和自定义lambda函数
df_new = df['line_race'].map(lambda x: x != 0)
[Out]:
line_date daysago line_race rating rw wrating
0 2007-03-31 62 11.0 56 1.000000 56.000000
1 2007-03-10 83 11.0 67 1.000000 67.000000
2 2007-02-10 111 9.0 66 1.000000 66.000000
3 2007-01-13 139 10.0 83 0.880678 73.096278
4 2006-12-23 160 10.0 88 0.793033 69.786942
5 2006-11-09 204 9.0 52 0.636655 33.106077
6 2006-10-22 222 8.0 66 0.581946 38.408408
7 2006-09-29 245 9.0 70 0.518825 36.317752
8 2006-09-16 258 11.0 68 0.486226 33.063381
9 2006-08-30 275 8.0 72 0.446667 32.160051
10 2006-02-11 475 5.0 65 0.164591 10.698423
选项4
使用pandas. datafframe .drop，如下所示
df_new = df.drop(df[df['line_race'] == 0].index)
[Out]:
line_date daysago line_race rating rw wrating
0 2007-03-31 62 11.0 56 1.000000 56.000000
1 2007-03-10 83 11.0 67 1.000000 67.000000
2 2007-02-10 111 9.0 66 1.000000 66.000000
3 2007-01-13 139 10.0 83 0.880678 73.096278
4 2006-12-23 160 10.0 88 0.793033 69.786942
5 2006-11-09 204 9.0 52 0.636655 33.106077
6 2006-10-22 222 8.0 66 0.581946 38.408408
7 2006-09-29 245 9.0 70 0.518825 36.317752
8 2006-09-16 258 11.0 68 0.486226 33.063381
9 2006-08-30 275 8.0 72 0.446667 32.160051
10 2006-02-11 475 5.0 65 0.164591 10.698423
选择5
使用pandas.DataFrame.query如下所示
df_new = df.query('line_race != 0')
[Out]:
line_date daysago line_race rating rw wrating
0 2007-03-31 62 11.0 56 1.000000 56.000000
1 2007-03-10 83 11.0 67 1.000000 67.000000
2 2007-02-10 111 9.0 66 1.000000 66.000000
3 2007-01-13 139 10.0 83 0.880678 73.096278
4 2006-12-23 160 10.0 88 0.793033 69.786942
5 2006-11-09 204 9.0 52 0.636655 33.106077
6 2006-10-22 222 8.0 66 0.581946 38.408408
7 2006-09-29 245 9.0 70 0.518825 36.317752
8 2006-09-16 258 11.0 68 0.486226 33.063381
9 2006-08-30 275 8.0 72 0.446667 32.160051
10 2006-02-11 475 5.0 65 0.164591 10.698423
选择6
使用pandas.DataFrame.drop和pandas.DataFrame.query如下所示
df_new = df.drop(df.query('line_race == 0').index)
[Out]:
line_date daysago line_race rating rw wrating
0 2007-03-31 62 11.0 56 1.000000 56.000000
1 2007-03-10 83 11.0 67 1.000000 67.000000
2 2007-02-10 111 9.0 66 1.000000 66.000000
3 2007-01-13 139 10.0 83 0.880678 73.096278
4 2006-12-23 160 10.0 88 0.793033 69.786942
5 2006-11-09 204 9.0 52 0.636655 33.106077
6 2006-10-22 222 8.0 66 0.581946 38.408408
7 2006-09-29 245 9.0 70 0.518825 36.317752
8 2006-09-16 258 11.0 68 0.486226 33.063381
9 2006-08-30 275 8.0 72 0.446667 32.160051
10 2006-02-11 475 5.0 65 0.164591 10.698423
选择7
如果对输出没有强烈的意见，可以使用numpy.select的向量化方法
df_new = np.select([df != 0], [df], default=np.nan)
[Out]:
[['2007-03-31' 62 11.0 56 1.0 56.0]
['2007-03-10' 83 11.0 67 1.0 67.0]
['2007-02-10' 111 9.0 66 1.0 66.0]
['2007-01-13' 139 10.0 83 0.880678 73.096278]
['2006-12-23' 160 10.0 88 0.793033 69.786942]
['2006-11-09' 204 9.0 52 0.636655 33.106077]
['2006-10-22' 222 8.0 66 0.581946 38.408408]
['2006-09-29' 245 9.0 70 0.518825 36.317752]
['2006-09-16' 258 11.0 68 0.486226 33.063381]
['2006-08-30' 275 8.0 72 0.446667 32.160051]
['2006-02-11' 475 5.0 65 0.164591 10.698423]]
这也可以转换为一个数据框架
df_new = pd.DataFrame(df_new, columns=df.columns)
[Out]:
line_date daysago line_race rating rw wrating
0 2007-03-31 62 11.0 56 1.0 56.0
1 2007-03-10 83 11.0 67 1.0 67.0
2 2007-02-10 111 9.0 66 1.0 66.0
3 2007-01-13 139 10.0 83 0.880678 73.096278
4 2006-12-23 160 10.0 88 0.793033 69.786942
5 2006-11-09 204 9.0 52 0.636655 33.106077
6 2006-10-22 222 8.0 66 0.581946 38.408408
7 2006-09-29 245 9.0 70 0.518825 36.317752
8 2006-09-16 258 11.0 68 0.486226 33.063381
9 2006-08-30 275 8.0 72 0.446667 32.160051
10 2006-02-11 475 5.0 65 0.164591 10.698423
至于最有效的解决方案，这将取决于人们如何衡量效率。假设要度量执行时间，可以使用time.perf_counter()。
如果测量上述所有选项的执行时间，就会得到以下结果
method time
0 Option 1 0.00000110000837594271
1 Option 2.1 0.00000139995245262980
2 Option 2.2 0.00000369996996596456
3 Option 2.3 0.00000160001218318939
4 Option 3 0.00000110000837594271
5 Option 4 0.00000120000913739204
6 Option 5 0.00000140001066029072
7 Option 6 0.00000159995397552848
8 Option 7 0.00000150001142174006
但是，这可能会根据所使用的数据框架、需求(比如硬件)等而改变。
注:
There are various suggestions on using inplace=True. Would suggest reading this: https://stackoverflow.com/a/59242208/7109869
There are also some people with strong opinions on .apply(). Would suggest reading this: When should I (not) want to use pandas apply() in my code?
If one has missing values, one might want to consider as well pandas.DataFrame.dropna. Using the option 2, it would be something like
df = df[df['line_race'] != 0].dropna()
There are additional ways to measure the time of execution, so I would recommend this thread: How do I get time of a Python program's execution?
