这是我对rbp答案的变体，它绕过了“可编辑”和开发发行版。它有两个缺点：不必要地重新下载和重新安装；并且一个包上的错误将阻止之后每个包的升级。

pip freeze |sed -ne 's/==.*//p' |xargs pip install -U --

相关错误报告，从Bitbucket迁移后有点脱节：

https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/49https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/59

python -c 'import pip; [pip.main(["install", "--upgrade", d.project_name]) for d in pip.get_installed_distributions()]'

一行！

这是我对rbp答案的变体，它绕过了“可编辑”和开发发行版。它有两个缺点：不必要地重新下载和重新安装；并且一个包上的错误将阻止之后每个包的升级。

pip freeze |sed -ne 's/==.*//p' |xargs pip install -U --

相关错误报告，从Bitbucket迁移后有点脱节：

https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/49https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/59

在Windows或Linux上更新Python包

1-将已安装软件包的列表输出到需求文件（requirements.txt）中：

pip freeze > requirements.txt

2-编辑requirements.txt，并将所有“==”替换为“>=”。在编辑器中使用“全部替换”命令。

3-升级所有过时的软件包

pip install -r requirements.txt --upgrade

资料来源：https://www.activestate.com/resources/quick-reads/how-to-update-all-python-packages/

以下Windows cmd代码段执行以下操作：

将pip升级到最新版本。升级所有过时的软件包。对于正在升级的每个包，检查requirements.txt中的任何版本说明符。

@echo off
Setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
rem https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2720014/

echo Upgrading pip...
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
echo.

echo Upgrading packages...
set upgrade_count=0
pip list --outdated > pip-upgrade-outdated.txt
for /F "skip=2 tokens=1,3 delims= " %%i in (pip-upgrade-outdated.txt) do (
    echo ^>%%i
    set package=%%i
    set latest=%%j
    set requirements=!package!

    rem for each outdated package check for any version requirements:
    set dotest=1
    for /F %%r in (.\python\requirements.txt) do (
        if !dotest!==1 (
            call :substr "%%r" !package! _substr
            rem check if a given line refers to a package we are about to upgrade:
            if "%%r" NEQ !_substr! (
                rem check if the line contains more than just a package name:
                if "%%r" NEQ "!package!" (
                    rem set requirements to the contents of the line:
                    echo requirements: %%r, latest: !latest!
                    set requirements=%%r
                )
                rem stop testing after the first instance found,
                rem prevents from mistakenly matching "py" with "pylint", "numpy" etc.
                rem requirements.txt must be structured with shorter names going first
                set dotest=0
            )
        )
    )
    rem pip install !requirements!
    pip install --upgrade !requirements!
    set /a "upgrade_count+=1"
    echo.
)

if !upgrade_count!==0 (
    echo All packages are up to date.
) else (
    type pip-upgrade-outdated.txt
)

if "%1" neq "-silent" (
    echo.
    set /p temp="> Press Enter to exit..."
)
exit /b


:substr
rem string substition done in a separate subroutine -
rem allows expand both variables in the substring syntax.
rem replaces str_search with an empty string.
rem returns the result in the 3rd parameter, passed by reference from the caller.
set str_source=%1
set str_search=%2
set str_result=!str_source:%str_search%=!
set "%~3=!str_result!"
rem echo !str_source!, !str_search!, !str_result!
exit /b

以下命令在Windows上运行，对其他人也很有用（$是命令提示符下的任何目录。例如，C:\Users/Username）。

Do

$ pip freeze > requirements.txt

打开文本文件，将==替换为>=，或让sed为您执行以下操作：

$ sed -i 's/==/>=/g' requirements.txt

并执行：

$ pip install -r requirements.txt --upgrade

如果您对某个软件包延迟升级有问题（有时是NumPy），只需转到目录（$），注释掉名称（在其前面添加#），然后再次运行升级。稍后可以取消注释该部分。这对于复制Python全局环境也非常有用。

另一种方式：

我也喜欢pip审查方法：

py2
$ pip install pip-review

$ pip-review --local --interactive

py3
$ pip3 install pip-review

$ py -3 -m pip-review --local --interactive

您可以选择“a”来升级所有软件包；如果一次升级失败，请再次运行，然后在下一次升级中继续。