如何使JavaScript页面加载后执行?

我正在执行一个外部脚本，使用<脚本>内<头>。

现在，由于脚本在页面加载之前执行，我不能访问<body>等。我想在文档被“加载”(HTML完全下载并在ram中)后执行一些JavaScript。是否有任何事件，我可以挂钩到当我的脚本执行，这将在页面加载触发?

当前回答

有一个关于如何使用Javascript或Jquery检测文档是否已加载的非常好的文档。

使用本地Javascript可以实现这一点

if (document.readyState === "complete") {
 init();
 }

这也可以在区间内完成

var interval = setInterval(function() {
    if(document.readyState === 'complete') {
        clearInterval(interval);
        init();
    }    
}, 100);

由Mozilla编写

switch (document.readyState) {
  case "loading":
    // The document is still loading.
    break;
  case "interactive":
    // The document has finished loading. We can now access the DOM elements.
    var span = document.createElement("span");
    span.textContent = "A <span> element.";
    document.body.appendChild(span);
    break;
  case "complete":
    // The page is fully loaded.
    console.log("Page is loaded completely");
    break;
}

使用Jquery 仅检查DOM是否准备就绪

// A $( document ).ready() block.
$( document ).ready(function() {
    console.log( "ready!" );
});

要检查是否加载了所有资源，请使用window.load

 $( window ).load(function() {
        console.log( "window loaded" );
    });

2015-12-12 08:42:00

其他回答

你可以在主体中放置一个“onload”属性

...<body onload="myFunction()">...

或者如果您正在使用jQuery，您也可以这样做

$(document).ready(function(){ /*code here*/ }) 

or 

$(window).load(function(){ /*code here*/ })

我希望它能回答你的问题。

注意$(窗口)。加载将在页面上呈现文档之后执行。

2009-04-30 16:42:29

document.onreadystatechange = function(){
     if(document.readyState === 'complete'){
         /*code here*/
     }
}

看这里:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/ms536957(v=vs.85).aspx

2014-09-11 11:41:40

JavaScript

document.addEventListener('readystatechange', event => { 

    // When HTML/DOM elements are ready:
    if (event.target.readyState === "interactive") {   //does same as:  ..addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded"..
        alert("hi 1");
    }

    // When window loaded ( external resources are loaded too- `css`,`src`, etc...) 
    if (event.target.readyState === "complete") {
        alert("hi 2");
    }
});

jQuery也一样:

$(document).ready(function() {   //same as: $(function() { 
     alert("hi 1");
});

$(window).load(function() {
     alert("hi 2");
});

注意:不要使用下面的标记(因为它会覆盖其他同类声明):

document.onreadystatechange = ...

2020-04-06 16:22:49

比较

在下面的片段中，我收集选择的方法并显示它们的序列。讲话

the document.onload (X) is not supported by any modern browser (event is never fired) if you use <body onload="bodyOnLoad()"> (F) and at the same time window.onload (E) then only first one will be executed (because it override second one) event handler given in <body onload="..."> (F) is wrapped by additional onload function document.onreadystatechange (D) not override document .addEventListener('readystatechange'...) (C) probably cecasue onXYZevent-like methods are independent than addEventListener queues (which allows add multiple listeners). Probably nothing happens between execution this two handlers. all scripts write their timestamp in console - but scripts which also have access to div write their timestamps also in body (click "Full Page" link after script execution to see it). solutions readystatechange (C,D) are executed multiple times by browser but for different document states: loading - the document is loading (no fired in snippet) interactive - the document is parsed, fired before DOMContentLoaded complete - the document and resources are loaded, fired before body/window onload

<html> <head> <script> // solution A console.log(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] A: Head script`); // solution B document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => { print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] B: DOMContentLoaded`); }); // solution C document.addEventListener('readystatechange', () => { print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] C: ReadyState: ${document.readyState}`); }); // solution D document.onreadystatechange = s=> {print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] D: document.onreadystatechange ReadyState: ${document.readyState}`)}; // solution E (never executed) window.onload = () => { print(`E: <body onload="..."> override this handler`); }; // solution F function bodyOnLoad() { print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] F: <body onload='...'>`); infoAboutOnLoad(); // additional info } // solution X document.onload = () => {print(`document.onload is never fired`)}; // HELPERS function print(txt) { console.log(txt); if(mydiv) mydiv.innerHTML += txt.replace('<','<').replace('>','>') + '<br>'; } function infoAboutOnLoad() { console.log("window.onload (after override):", (''+document.body.onload).replace(/\s+/g,' ')); console.log(`body.onload==window.onload --> ${document.body.onload==window.onload}`); } console.log("window.onload (before override):", (''+document.body.onload).replace(/\s+/g,' ')); </script> </head> <body onload="bodyOnLoad()"> <div id="mydiv"></div>  <script> // solution G print(`[timestamp: ${Date.now()}] G: <body> bottom script`); </script> </body> </html>

2020-06-17 17:59:38

这些解决方案是有效的:

正如注释中提到的，使用defer:

<script src="deferMe.js" defer></script>

<body onload="script();">

document.onload = function ...

甚至

window.onload = function ...

请注意，最后一个选项是更好的方法，因为它不引人注目，而且被认为更标准。

2009-04-30 16:41:16

如何使JavaScript页面加载后执行?

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